UFOs: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO)

LastWeekTonight
25 Apr 202426:18

Summary

TLDRThe video script delves into the topic of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), exploring the historical context, public perception, and government involvement in UFO research. It discusses how UFO sightings have been a part of human history, from ancient times to modern incidents like the 1947 Kenneth Arnold sighting. The script also critiques the US government's handling of UFO investigations, including Project Sign, Project Grudge, and Project Blue Book, highlighting the lack of transparency and potential cover-ups. It touches on the cultural impact of UFOs, the stigma faced by witnesses, and the recent shift towards more serious and scientific examination of UFO phenomena. The summary emphasizes the need for rigorous, evidence-based research to understand these mysterious sightings and to answer fundamental questions about our place in the universe.

Takeaways

  • 🌟 UFOs have been a subject of fascination and speculation for decades, with many high-profile individuals reporting sightings.
  • 🎨 The term 'flying saucer' was popularized after a 1947 sighting by private pilot Kenneth Arnold, whose description of the objects' flight was misinterpreted by the media.
  • πŸ“° The media has often approached UFOs with skepticism or sensationalism, contributing to the stigma around discussing them openly.
  • πŸ” The US government has a history of investigating UFOs, from Project Sign to Project Blue Book, often with a focus on national security rather than understanding the phenomena.
  • πŸ€” Skeptics argue that many UFO sightings can be explained by natural or human-made phenomena, and that human perception and memory can be unreliable.
  • 🏒 There is a belief that the government is hiding information about UFOs, which has been fueled by instances of misinformation and cover-ups.
  • πŸ›Έ The 1947 Roswell incident, long a subject of conspiracy theories, was later admitted by the government to be a cover-up of a secret military project involving high-altitude balloons.
  • πŸ“ˆ Recent mainstream attention to UFOs includes the revelation of the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) and public hearings by Congress.
  • πŸ”¬ There is a growing movement towards a more scientific and evidence-based approach to studying UFOs, with organizations like NASA assembling teams of experts to analyze sightings.
  • πŸ“ˆ The AATIP program, while initially seeming promising, was criticized for its lack of substantial findings and for contracting research out to a private company with ties to a hotel magnate and space entrepreneur.
  • πŸš€ Despite the mystery and controversy, there is an increasing recognition that sober, scientific inquiry is necessary to better understand unidentified aerial phenomena.

Q & A

  • What is the common definition of UFOs?

    -UFOs are defined as Unidentified Flying Objects, which simply means any object that is unidentified in the sky. It does not necessarily imply extraterrestrial origin.

  • What term do some researchers prefer to use instead of UFOs?

    -Some researchers prefer the term UAP, which stands for Unidentified Aerial Phenomena, to avoid the connotations with extraterrestrial life.

  • What was the first modern public obsession with UFOs linked to?

    -The first modern public obsession with UFOs was linked to a sighting by Private Pilot Kenneth Arnold in 1947, who reported seeing nine oddly-shaped objects flying near Mount Rainier in Washington.

  • What was the term 'Flying Saucer' first associated with?

    -The term 'Flying Saucer' was first associated with Arnold's sighting, after he described the objects' flight as similar to a saucer tossed across water, which was then shorthanded by reporters.

  • How did the US government's Project Sign and Project Grudge initially address UFO sightings?

    -Project Sign and Project Grudge evaluated UFO sightings and concluded that they did not find definitive evidence to prove or disprove the existence of unidentified aircraft and did not consider them a threat to US security.

  • What was the Condon Committee's conclusion regarding UFOs?

    -The Condon Committee, a government-funded scientific investigation, concluded that nothing from the study of UFOs in the past 21 years had added to scientific knowledge and that further extensive study of UFOs was not justified.

  • Why did the US government initially mislead the public about the Roswell incident?

    -The US government misled the public about the Roswell incident to conceal the true nature of the debris, which was from a top-secret Army Air Forces research project named Project Mogul.

  • What was the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP)?

    -AATIP was a government program that investigated sightings of UFOs. It was revealed to have been studying reports and evidence of unidentified aerial phenomena, including videos captured by Navy pilots.

  • What is the significance of the term 'G-Rated' in the context of the pilot's response to the UFO sighting?

    -The term 'G-Rated' refers to the pilot's choice of words in responding to the UFO sighting, implying that his language was suitable for all audiences, including children, as opposed to using more explicit or emotional language.

  • How did the government's handling of the Phoenix Lights incident affect public perception?

    -The government's handling of the Phoenix Lights incident, which included a press conference with a mascot and no substantial answers, led to public disappointment and a lack of trust in the official explanation.

  • What was the outcome of the NASA panel's examination of the 'Go Fast' UFO video?

    -The NASA panel used trigonometry and an evidence-based approach to determine that the object in the 'Go Fast' video was not moving as fast as it appeared, suggesting that much of the observed motion was due to the motion of the sensing platform rather than the object itself.

Outlines

00:00

🌌 UFOs and Their Cultural Impact

This paragraph discusses the cultural significance of UFOs, mentioning their influence on album art, movies, and famous sightings by people like Hugh Jackman and Jimmy Carter. It highlights the skepticism surrounding UFO claims, with skeptics suggesting alternative explanations like space clouds or the planet Venus. The paragraph also touches on the various ways UFOs are discussed, from speculative theories to dismissive attitudes, and notes the increasing mainstream attention given to UFOs in recent years, including military reports and Congressional hearings.

05:02

πŸ‘½ The History and Perception of UFOs

The second paragraph delves into the historical context of UFO sightings, starting from ancient times with Romans and Chinese to modern-day accounts. It covers the evolution of the term 'flying saucer' from Kenneth Arnold's 1947 sighting and how it fueled public imagination and media frenzy. The paragraph also addresses the pop culture phenomenon around UFOs, particularly in Roswell, New Mexico, and the government's role in either hiding or misrepresenting information about UFOs, with examples from past investigations like Project Sign, Project Grudge, and Project Blue Book.

10:03

πŸ” Government Studies and Cover-ups

This paragraph focuses on the U.S. government's efforts to study and sometimes cover up UFO phenomena. It discusses the Condon Committee's study, which was criticized for its lack of objectivity and concluded that UFOs were not worth further study. The paragraph also highlights instances of government cover-ups, such as the Roswell incident and the CIA's misleading statements about reconnaissance flights mistaken for UFOs. It touches on the potential reasons for these cover-ups, including protecting national security and maintaining public trust.

15:05

πŸ›Έ The Phoenix Lights and ATIP Revelations

The fourth paragraph discusses the Phoenix Lights incident and the subsequent official explanations, which many people found unsatisfactory. It then transitions to the more recent revelations about the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), highlighting the public's excitement and the subsequent disappointment when it was discovered that much of the research was speculative and conducted by a private company with ties to Robert Bigelow, a hotel magnate with an interest in the paranormal.

20:06

πŸš€ Stigmatization and Scientific Inquiry into UFOs

This paragraph addresses the stigma associated with UFO sightings and the courage it takes for witnesses, like Navy pilots, to come forward. It emphasizes the need for a sober and scientific approach to studying UFOs and applauds recent efforts by NASA to assemble a team of experts to examine Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAPs). The paragraph also mentions how rigorous, evidence-based research can lead to more accurate conclusions about UFO sightings, as demonstrated by a NASA panel's analysis of a particular UFO video.

25:08

πŸ”¬ The Importance of Honest Inquiry and Science

The final paragraph stresses the importance of honest inquiry and the scientific method in understanding phenomena like UFOs. It acknowledges the challenge of navigating between skepticism and belief, and argues for a middle ground that values evidence and rigorous analysis. The paragraph humorously ends with the host, John Oliver, searching for his snake, which serves as a metaphor for the search for answers in the face of unknown phenomena.

Mindmap

Keywords

πŸ’‘UFOs

UFOs, or Unidentified Flying Objects, are any aerial phenomena that cannot be immediately identified. In the video, UFOs are the central theme, with discussions ranging from personal sightings to government investigations. The video mentions various historical and contemporary accounts, emphasizing the public's fascination and the skepticism surrounding these phenomena.

πŸ’‘Project Sign, Project Grudge, and Project Blue Book

These were U.S. Air Force research projects aimed at evaluating and investigating UFO sightings. The video discusses how these projects concluded that UFOs did not pose a threat to national security and found no evidence of extraterrestrial origins. These projects are significant as they represent the military's official response to UFO sightings and the public's interest in them.

πŸ’‘Kenneth Arnold

Kenneth Arnold is a private pilot credited with the first widely reported UFO sighting in 1947, which led to the popularization of the term 'flying saucers.' His sighting and subsequent media coverage sparked a wave of UFO reports and public interest. Arnold's experience is pivotal as it marks the beginning of modern UFO folklore.

πŸ’‘Roswell Incident

The Roswell Incident refers to an event in 1947 where debris from an unknown object was found on a ranch in Roswell, New Mexico. Initially, the U.S. military claimed it was a weather balloon, but later admitted it was related to a top-secret project. The incident has become a focal point for conspiracy theories and is a key example in the video of government secrecy and public speculation about UFOs.

πŸ’‘Phoenix Lights

The Phoenix Lights refer to an incident in 1997 where thousands of people in Arizona reported seeing unexplained lights in the sky. The video mentions the government's response, which was initially to dismiss the sightings with a non-serious press conference, and later to attribute them to military flares. This incident is used in the video to illustrate the government's approach to managing public inquiries about UFOs.

πŸ’‘AATIP (Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program)

AATIP is a government program that was revealed to have investigated UFO sightings. The video discusses how the program was initially met with excitement but later raised more questions than answers. AATIP is significant as it represents a more recent and serious attempt by the government to study UFO phenomena.

πŸ’‘Robert Bigelow

Robert Bigelow is a businessman and hotel magnate who had a company involved in AATIP's research. Bigelow is known for his interest in space and paranormal phenomena. His involvement in the program is highlighted in the video to show the mix of private and public interests in UFO research.

πŸ’‘UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomena)

UAP refers to unidentified aerial phenomena, a term preferred by some researchers to avoid the extraterrestrial connotations of UFOs. The video mentions this term as an alternative way to discuss the subject without implying alien involvement. UAP is used to frame the discussion within a more scientific and less speculative context.

πŸ’‘NASA's UFO Research

The video discusses a recent initiative by NASA to assemble a team of experts to study UAPs. This research is significant as it represents a shift towards a more scientific and evidence-based approach to studying UFOs. NASA's involvement is seen as a move towards legitimacy and rigor in the field.

πŸ’‘Skeptics

Skeptics are individuals who question or doubt the existence of UFOs or their extraterrestrial origins. The video contrasts the views of skeptics with those of believers, highlighting the debate and the need for rigorous scientific inquiry. Skeptics in the video are portrayed as advocating for careful consideration and evidence-based explanations for UFO sightings.

πŸ’‘Stigma

The stigma associated with UFO sightings is mentioned in the context of how individuals who report such phenomena are often ridiculed or dismissed. The video emphasizes the courage it takes to come forward with a UFO sighting and the negative social implications that can result. The concept of stigma is important as it shapes the public discourse and the willingness of witnesses to report sightings.

Highlights

UFOs have been a subject of interest and speculation, with many high-profile individuals reporting sightings.

Jimmy Carter, the former U.S. President, claimed to have seen a UFO, which he insisted was not Venus or any known celestial body.

16% of Americans say they have personally witnessed something they believed to be a UFO.

UFO discussions often fall into two categories: wildly speculative or met with contempt.

Recent mainstream attention to UFOs includes a 2017 military report and a Congressional hearing after more than 50 years.

UFOs are defined as unidentified objects, and the term UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomena) is sometimes preferred to avoid alien connotations.

Ancient civilizations, including the Romans and Chinese, documented sightings of unexplained aerial phenomena.

The modern concept of UFOs took off in 1947 with pilot Kenneth Arnold's sighting and subsequent media coverage.

The US government has a history of unsatisfying and misleading investigations into UFOs, starting with Project Sign and Project Grudge.

Project Blue Book, a 17-year Air Force study, found no evidence that UFOs were extraterrestrial or a security threat.

The Condon Committee, a government-funded scientific investigation, was criticized for its lack of objectivity and concluded that UFO study was not justified.

Many UFO sightings can be explained by natural or man-made phenomena, such as drones or optical illusions caused by night vision technology.

The government has been accused of cover-ups, including the Roswell incident, which was later admitted to be a secret military project, not a weather balloon.

The Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) was revealed to have investigated UFOs, but its findings have been questioned for credibility.

Despite some disappointments in government research, there is a movement towards more rigorous, evidence-based examination of UFOs.

NASA assembled a team of experts to study UAPs, demonstrating a more scientific and sober approach to understanding UFO phenomena.

The importance of honest inquiry and the scientific method in addressing the big questions surrounding UFOs is emphasized.

Transcripts

00:04

our main story tonight concerns UFOs

00:07

they brought us great album art classic

00:09

movie moment and of course Hugh Jackman

00:11

I can't prove it yet but I'm close lots

00:14

of people have reported seeing UFOs from

00:16

keser to Russell Crow to even this guy I

00:20

was gathered in a in a schoolyard with

00:22

about 20 other men and we saw a bright

00:26

light uh appear in the distant uh

00:29

Western Sky eyes and it got uh closer

00:32

and closer and when it uh was just above

00:35

the Treetops it changed color and then

00:38

it stayed there for a while and then it

00:40

disappeared into the distance and none

00:42

of us could ever imagine what it was and

00:44

I still don't know what it was you know

00:46

between the fxy rambling story and the

00:48

goofball smile he kind of reminds you of

00:50

Joe Biden there doesn't he the only

00:52

thing Biden would have done different

00:54

was name each of the 20 men he saw the

00:56

UFO with there was corn poop floppy Jeff

00:59

wet dog Mexican Rick and a bunch of

01:01

other names my advisers told me to stop

01:03

saying out loud back in 2004 but the

01:05

point is Jimmy Carter saw a UFO and

01:08

while Skeptics pushed back saying that

01:10

it was probably a space cloud or Venus

01:12

and that no other object generates as

01:14

many UFO reports as the planet Venus

01:16

Carter doubled down saying we know what

01:18

Venus looks like it was not Venus and

01:21

he's right everyone knows what Venus

01:23

looks like not that of course because

01:25

that's Titan one of Saturn's moons it

01:27

doesn't look anything like the real

01:29

Venus which which that also isn't that's

01:31

Jupiter's moon iio I got you so good you

01:34

thought you were safe cuz we were

01:35

talking about space and you were

01:37

wrong the fact is though a lot of people

01:40

think they've seen something in the sky

01:41

in fact 16% of Americans say they

01:43

personally witnessed something they

01:45

thought was a UFO and right off the bat

01:47

let's acknowledge this could be a

01:49

difficult subject to talk about because

01:51

UFOs tend to get discussed in one of two

01:53

ways and the first is wildly speculative

01:56

like this this Renaissance painting of

01:58

bana and child seems perfectly normal

02:01

however closer inspection reveals a

02:03

strange craft hovering in the background

02:06

with an Earthbound Observer witnessing

02:08

the event look far be it from me to

02:11

quibble with the voice of Unsolved

02:12

Mysteries but that is a painting not a

02:15

photograph stuff in them can be real or

02:18

made up and given that that's a painting

02:19

of the Virgin Mary I'm guessing it's the

02:23

latter the second way UFOs tend to be

02:25

discussed is with borderline contempt

02:28

like in this 1973 news report

02:30

there were more reports today of

02:31

unidentified flying objects reports from

02:34

Minnesota Florida California Louisiana

02:37

and other places a man in Columbus Ohio

02:40

took these photographs of four strange

02:42

lights in the sky Wednesday night they

02:44

were seen by scores of people two women

02:47

in Texas said they saw an object with

02:49

the letters UFO painted on the

02:53

side I'm glad he's having such a good

02:55

time laughing at them and I'm guessing

02:57

it would stay funny right up until that

02:59

UFO opens up and an alien labeled alien

03:01

hits you with a death ray labeled death

03:03

ray but in recent years you might have

03:06

seen UFOs getting some more mainstream

03:08

attention starting with this report in

03:10

2017 these haunting images part of a

03:13

bombshell first admission by the

03:15

military of a government program

03:17

investigating sightings of

03:20

UFOs it's Rota this mysterious black

03:23

object spotted off the coast of San

03:25

Diego by Navy fighter pilots in 2004 my

03:28

gosh wow I don't know what's more

03:31

surprising there the UFO or the pilot

03:33

responding to it with my gosh in that

03:36

situation I would have gone with holy

03:38

living or Jesus back flipping

03:40

Christ but I guess credit to him for

03:42

keeping it G-rated there might be kids

03:44

watching this Navy footage that story

03:46

was the beginning of a Cascade of

03:48

Revelations including the dod revealing

03:50

that it had 11 reports of documented

03:52

instances in which Pilots reported near

03:54

misses with UFOs and a few years back

03:57

Congress even held its first public

03:58

hearing on UFOs in more than 50 years so

04:01

if the subject is this ubiquitous with

04:03

such major questions being asked now

04:06

might be a good time to and I cannot

04:08

believe I'm about to say this talk about

04:10

UFOs what we know what we don't know and

04:13

some of the problems with how we've gone

04:15

about trying to find out more and right

04:16

up front let me just say talking about

04:18

UFOs doesn't necessarily mean you're

04:20

talking about aliens UFOs are simply

04:22

objects that are unidentified that's it

04:25

many researchers actually prefer the

04:27

term UAP for unidentified anomal

04:30

phenomena possibly to avoid the whole

04:32

alien connotation because while you can

04:34

believe aliens exist or not when it

04:36

comes to UFOs belief doesn't really come

04:38

into it whatever they are people are

04:41

seeing them that poster in mda's office

04:43

shouldn't have said I want to believe it

04:45

should have said believe schalie what

04:47

the is that

04:48

thing and the fact is UFO sightings long

04:52

predate any contemporary associations

04:53

with extraterrestrials for for as long

04:55

as people have been around they've been

04:57

seeing weird things they can't explain

04:59

ancient Roman and Chinese texts speak of

05:01

people seeing Fireballs Spears soldiers

05:03

ships and chariots floating above them

05:06

plus there were sightings near Rome in

05:08

218 BC and in Germany in 1561 and you're

05:11

probably thinking well that doesn't mean

05:13

much because everyone knows 16th century

05:14

Germany was suffering from a rapid

05:16

increase in population combined with an

05:17

increase in grain prices so a lot of

05:19

Germans were tripping balls due to

05:21

starvation everyone went through their

05:23

German confessional age Obsession in

05:25

their early teams it's not news but our

05:28

modern concern ception of flying

05:30

Sorcerers took off in 1947 when Private

05:33

Pilot Kenneth Arnold spotted nine

05:35

oddly-shaped objects while flying past

05:37

mount reer in Washington it wasn't until

05:40

1947 when a Private Pilot reported

05:43

seeing a group of pie plate likee

05:45

objects flying near Mount reneer that

05:47

the term Flying Saucer entered the

05:49

vocabulary and fueled the imaginations

05:52

of movie Producers now that is almost

05:54

right Arnolds didn't describe seeing

05:56

flying Sorcerers though what he actually

05:58

said was the objects flew like they take

06:00

a sorcer and throw it across the water

06:02

but reporters short-handed that to

06:04

Flying sorcer and the name stuck it's

06:06

one of those fascinating historical

06:07

Corrections like Viking helmets didn't

06:10

actually have horns Napoleon wasn't that

06:12

short and George Washington didn't

06:14

really exist he was just a reflection of

06:15

moonlight off Swamp gas that fooled

06:18

early Americans now Skeptics have

06:20

introduced various theories as to what

06:22

Arnold might have seen from water

06:24

droplets on his aircraft window to a

06:26

meteor breaking up to a flock of

06:28

pelicans and for the record uh marry

06:30

kill and obviously

06:33

deep

06:35

mouths we can't know for sure what

06:38

Arnold saw what we do know is that his

06:41

account and the news that broke shortly

06:42

afterward supposedly of a flying sorcer

06:44

crashing in Roswell New Mexico kicked

06:46

off a public Obsession and hundreds of

06:49

UFO sightings began pouring in just a

06:51

month after Arnold sighting a pole asked

06:54

respondents if they'd heard or read

06:55

about flying sources and 90% said yes it

06:59

reache a fever pitch the LA Times ran

07:01

the headline flying wats itss supplant

07:03

weather as number one topic anywhere

07:05

people meet discussions of UFO started

07:08

cropping up absolutely everywhere from

07:11

tabloid Outlets to even discussions with

07:13

network newsmen good evening tonight we

07:15

go after a fantastic story the story

07:18

that flying saucers from other worlds

07:20

are visiting our planet just as we are

07:23

exploring outer space with our own

07:25

rocket

07:26

satellites Our Guest is former Marine

07:28

aircore major Donald keyhole in his

07:31

campaign to prove that flying saucers

07:33

exist my name is Mike Wallace the

07:36

cigarette is

07:38

Parliament

07:40

wow I honestly can't think of anything

07:43

more 1950s than interrupting your news

07:45

report to introduce yourself and your

07:47

cigarette it's just not something you

07:49

could pull off today my name is Lester

07:51

Halt and The Vape is bubble gum

07:54

melon UFOs became a pop culture

07:57

phenomenon in fact Roswell has done a

07:59

lot to cash in on its associations with

08:01

UFOs it's home to a UFO Museum a UFO

08:04

Festival and alien themed street lights

08:07

it even has the world's only UFO themed

08:09

McDonald's which somehow has only three

08:11

and a half stars on Yell despite again

08:14

being a UFO themed McDonald's that is

08:16

madness I could get stabbed in that

08:18

McDonald's and my Yelp review would

08:20

still read got stabbed in a UFO four

08:23

stars Roswell has gone out of its way to

08:26

make itself a UFO Mecca and as this

08:28

coverage from the 90s shows a lot of

08:30

people make the pilgrimage here the

08:32

town's two UFO museums have become

08:35

magnets for the committed I have been

08:37

taken aboard

08:38

spacecraft by these two gentlemen you

08:41

have the Curious you think they're like

08:44

these guys behind you something like

08:46

that but I think they'd be just like

08:47

normal people the government hides

08:49

things from people government distrust

08:52

if they are real they're probably evil

08:56

religion it's just got to be there's got

08:58

to be something to it all part of this

09:00

allamerican mystery many and night have

09:02

looked up in the sky and said come and

09:04

get

09:05

me okay hard to pick a favorite person

09:08

there from the man looking for a word to

09:10

describe aliens and settling on

09:11

gentlemen to the guy at the end who

09:14

spent many a night staring at the sky

09:16

and saying come and get me that is a man

09:18

who has run the numbers and figured out

09:20

abduction is cheaper than divorce come

09:23

and get me or my wife uh not both of us

09:25

though that is a deal breaker but it's

09:28

worth addressing something that woman

09:29

said there the government hides things

09:31

from people because from the very

09:32

beginning of our modern obsession with

09:34

UFOs there's been a belief that our

09:36

government is keeping something from us

09:38

and that mistrust has been well earned

09:41

the history of the US government study

09:43

of UFOs is one ranging from the

09:44

unsatisfying to the actively misleading

09:47

and it began not long after that first

09:49

flying sourcer sighting just a year

09:51

later the Air Force formed something

09:53

called project sign which evaluated 243

09:55

sightings over the course of a year and

09:57

ultimately said it could find no

09:58

definite and conclusive evidence to

10:00

prove or disprove the existence of

10:02

actual unidentified aircraft that effort

10:05

was then renamed project Grudge which

10:07

evaluated more sightings and concluded

10:09

they didn't threaten US security That

10:10

Was Then followed by a massive

10:11

investigation called Project Blue Book

10:13

which took 17 years and looked at more

10:15

than 12,000 sightings finding no

10:18

evidence that they were extraterrestrial

10:19

or a security threat and as you've

10:21

probably sensed because these were all

10:23

military investigations whether or not

10:25

these things posed a threat was the

10:28

primary concern but toward the end of

10:30

Project Blue Book the government also

10:31

funded a parallel scientific

10:33

investigation known as the Condon

10:35

committee led by physicist Edward Condon

10:37

but even while it was underway there

10:39

were signs that it wasn't exactly being

10:41

conducted in a spirit of free inquiry

10:44

Condon was a respected scientist but was

10:46

hardly impartial about UFOs before the

10:49

study even began he said in a speech

10:51

that the government should get out of

10:52

the UFO business there's nothing to it

10:55

he later wrote the authors of UFO books

10:57

should be horsewhipped I

11:00

mean he doesn't seem like the most

11:02

objective analyst there the scientific

11:05

method doesn't go one hypothesis to

11:07

horse whip anyone who disagrees with you

11:09

three conclusion you're thinking of

11:12

religion now

11:14

unsurprisingly condon's study concluded

11:16

that nothing has come from the study of

11:18

UFOs in the past 21 years that has added

11:20

to scientific knowledge and that further

11:22

extensive study of UFOs probably cannot

11:25

be justified and it's worth noting other

11:27

scientists at the time including Sean

11:30

pushed back on the tone of condon's

11:32

report but his attitude prevailed to the

11:34

point that by 1977 a survey of over a

11:36

thousand scientist found that a majority

11:38

thought UFOs were worthy of further

11:41

study but only two were willing to wave

11:43

anonymity to say so but it's not just

11:46

that the government hasn't covered

11:47

itself in glory when it comes to

11:49

studying UFOs it's also actively engaged

11:52

in cover-ups about them though not

11:54

necessarily in the ways or for the

11:56

reasons that the History Channel might

11:57

have you believe take the crash in

11:59

Roswell for years the government

12:01

maintained that what had crashed was

12:03

actually just a weather balloon which

12:04

many found suspicious and that fueled a

12:07

lot of rampant speculation to the point

12:09

where in the mid 1990s this New Mexico

12:11

Congressman started pressing for answers

12:13

and the inquiry yielded a surprising

12:15

admission from the government they they

12:17

had indeed lied about the object being a

12:20

weather balloon in order to conceal what

12:22

it actually was what was recovered near

12:24

Roswell New Mexico in July 1947 was

12:27

debris from formerly top secret army Air

12:30

Forces research project code named

12:33

Mogul project Mogul was so secret it had

12:36

the same security classification as the

12:39

project to build the atomic bomb these

12:42

high altitude Balloons with their

12:44

instrumentation were designed to detect

12:47

Soviet nuclear tests they were

12:50

tremendous in size as long as 650 ft and

12:53

in

12:54

1947 nothing else on Earth looked like

12:58

this right that does make more sense

13:01

although it is hard to take the

13:02

government's word for it given that they

13:04

just admitted they'd been lying for 50

13:06

years it's frankly no wonder people

13:08

still speculate about Roswell to this

13:10

day it's basically the boy who cried

13:11

wolf if the boy was the Pentagon the

13:13

wolf was a 600 foot spy balloon and the

13:16

moral of the story was we got up to a

13:18

lot of stupid during the Cold War

13:21

and that wasn't the only time the

13:22

government has done this a CIA study

13:24

found that over half of all UFO reports

13:26

from the late 1950s through the 1960s s

13:29

were accounted for by man reconnaissance

13:31

flights which led the Air Force to make

13:33

misleading and deceptive statements to

13:35

the public in order to allay public

13:37

fears and to protect an extraordinarily

13:39

sensitive National Security project and

13:41

on some level you can see why they did

13:44

that if someone sees your top secret

13:46

plane it's not like you can just say oh

13:48

that's not a UFO that's our top secret

13:50

plane no that's when you need to roll up

13:52

your sleeves and Gaslight the hell out

13:54

of them for Uncle

13:56

Sam and some have argued that even when

13:58

the government is not protecting its own

14:00

top secret projects it may have other

14:02

reasons for trying to shut inquiries

14:04

down you can cover up knowing something

14:07

or you can cover up not knowing

14:08

something and I think it's it's just as

14:11

likely that the Air Force is covering up

14:13

not knowing anything why would they do

14:15

that because they can't they can't

14:17

afford to look incompetent they can't

14:19

admit to the public that they don't know

14:21

what these things are in our sky that

14:24

John C Riley character makes a good

14:25

point there when you're in charge of

14:28

something you do have to project a

14:30

certain level of authority and control

14:32

it's the same reason I can't tell my

14:33

audience how I don't know where my snake

14:36

is it of cause a panic even though

14:38

there's no need for that because he's

14:40

not venomous I I assume the website I

14:42

bought him from wasn't in English but

14:44

it's a mood Point anyway because relax I

14:45

I I definitely know where my snake is

14:48

and I I know where my snake

14:53

is and there have been examples of

14:55

government officials downplaying UFO

14:58

sightings that they couldn't explain

14:59

take the case of the Phoenix Lights on

15:01

the evening of March 13th 1997 thousands

15:04

of people saw these bizarre lights in

15:07

the sky followed by a second set of

15:09

Lights a few hours later understandably

15:11

people freaked out and wanted some

15:13

answers now the state's Governor even

15:16

promised an inquiry and when he called a

15:17

press conference to announce his

15:19

findings many got their hopes up which

15:21

is why it was so disappointing for them

15:23

when he did this I issued a call for an

15:26

investigation by the Arizona Department

15:28

of Public safety and I'm happy to report

15:31

we already are getting results we may

15:33

all look upon the guilty

15:36

party don't getting too close to me

15:38

please what are you doing you can't just

15:42

introduce a mascot anytime you don't

15:44

know what to say and I'll tell you why

15:45

it's lazy it's condescending to your

15:47

audience they're adults they don't need

15:49

a puppet show from you they've

15:51

come with real questions and they

15:53

deserve real AR I'm sorry we we we

15:56

we cut we cut this bit we cut we cut it

15:58

yeah I'm sorry

15:59

I'm sorry we yeah we I'm sorry I'm so

16:02

I'm sorry we we just didn't it didn't

16:04

seem right cons I'm sorry I said I'm

16:07

sorry I said I'm

16:11

sorry he's

16:14

fine and the thing

16:16

is that Governor later admitted that he

16:19

actually saw the lights too and didn't

16:21

know what they were he just didn't feel

16:23

like he could say that publicly I guess

16:25

he was much like me with my missing

16:27

snake he'd much rather people stop stop

16:29

asking questions about it so he just

16:30

made a joke out of something that deep

16:32

down he worried might actually be a

16:33

serious problem but again again I know

16:36

where my snake

16:37

is later on an official explanation for

16:41

those lights came from the Air National

16:42

Guard saying that the Phoenix Lights

16:44

were caused by military flares and while

16:46

that's not necessarily A satisfying

16:47

explanation believe me a lot of people

16:49

still don't buy it at least it's

16:51

preferable to having your Governor dunk

16:53

on you in a press conference for even

16:55

asking the question and that brings us

16:57

back to the more recent Revelations that

16:59

have generated so many headlines and

17:01

hearings because that video of Pilots

17:03

startled by what they were looking at

17:04

was part of a much larger series of

17:06

stories concerning a government program

17:07

called atip which was described in news

17:09

coverage at the time like this that

17:12

encounter documented by ATP the advanced

17:14

Aviation threat identification program a

17:17

shadowy office in the Pentagon it

17:19

examines so-called anomalous aerial

17:21

vehicles that is incredible you don't

17:24

expect to hear about a shadowy pentagon

17:26

UFO program on Prime Time news you

17:29

expect to hear it screamed at you on a

17:30

webcast in between ads for canned

17:32

rations and herbal

17:34

Viagra that initial coverage along with

17:36

the release of other startling videos

17:38

like this one understandably got a lot

17:40

of people extremely excited especially

17:43

with the Revelation that atp's existence

17:45

had been made public with the help of a

17:46

pentagon employee Luis elzando who later

17:49

said he' resigned from the program to

17:50

protest excessive secrecy and internal

17:53

opposition and for many it seemed like

17:55

finally after years of deadend bad Faith

17:59

government inquiries this could be a

18:01

genuine breakthrough but unfortunately

18:04

as people looked into that program they

18:05

found themselves coming away with more

18:07

questions than answers for instance well

18:09

elisondo maintains that he led this

18:10

program and has documents that seem to

18:12

support that claim the Pentagon insist

18:14

Alando actually had no assigned

18:16

responsibilities for ATP and even if you

18:18

don't trust the Pentagon which is a

18:19

general rule I definitely do not

18:22

reporters who dug into what a actually

18:24

did have often found themselves

18:26

underwhelmed because it turns out while

18:28

they did information on some UFO

18:30

sightings a lot of the research wasn't

18:32

done by the government it was contracted

18:34

out to a company owned by Robert Bigalow

18:36

a budget hotel mogul space entrepreneur

18:39

and Ronda santis donor who used to own a

18:42

property in Utah that is known as a

18:44

hotbed for paranormal activity that is

18:46

where a lot of the research for atip

18:48

took place Bigalow also once said that

18:50

aliens are already on earth right under

18:52

people's noses and founded the Bigalow

18:55

Institute for Consciousness studies

18:56

whose main goal is to determine whether

18:58

or not there is afterlife and this is

19:00

beside the point but it does say

19:01

something that for a guy who is willing

19:03

to throw millions of dollars at the

19:04

pursuit of aliens and the discovery of

19:06

an afterlife his worst financial

19:08

decision still might have been

19:10

supporting Ronda

19:11

santis now as for what bigelo's company

19:15

actually produced for a from what's been

19:17

made public so far it seems to be little

19:19

more than a series of 38 research papers

19:22

speculating on Technologies like

19:23

invisibility cloaking Stargates

19:25

anti-gravity and a never carried out

19:27

proposal to tunnel a hole through the

19:29

moon using nuclear explosions they also

19:32

compost a paper on traversible wormholes

19:35

that includes this actual illustration

19:37

which and this is crucial features a man

19:39

saying hello to a

19:41

dinosaur and look I'm not saying

19:44

scientists can't or shouldn't study

19:46

things like wormholes but it doesn't

19:47

look great when your research ends up

19:49

looking like a teenager's Rick and Morty

19:51

fan

19:52

art and I'll say if that is the kind of

19:55

work that program actually produced it's

19:58

really

19:59

disappointing because people deserve

20:01

serious answers to these legitimate

20:03

questions especially as it takes courage

20:06

to even ask them or talk about what you

20:08

might have seen Naval pilots who saw an

20:11

object in one of those atip videos

20:13

zipping and darting around them have

20:15

talked about how they were made fun of

20:16

after coming forward and that the stigma

20:18

attached to this subject is so strong

20:21

they considered not coming forward at

20:23

all you know I think that over beers

20:25

we've sort of said hey man if I saw this

20:28

so

20:29

I don't know that I would have come back

20:30

and said anything because it sounds so

20:32

crazy when I say it you understand that

20:35

reaction I do you've had some people

20:38

tell me you know when you say that you

20:39

can sound crazy and I'll be on I'm not a

20:41

UFO guy but from what I hear you guys

20:45

saying there's

20:47

something yes oh there's there's

20:49

definitely something that I don't know

20:51

who's building it who's got the

20:53

technology who's got the brains but

20:54

there's there's something out there that

20:57

was better better than our airplane yeah

21:00

there's something out there that's

21:02

better than our airplane it is chilling

21:04

to hear that from a Navy pilot and not

21:06

the usual place the executive boardroom

21:08

at Boe I've run the numbers guys and

21:11

pretty much everyone is doing it

21:14

better but there clearly should be room

21:17

for sober assessment of UFO sightings

21:19

and I will acknowledge that when you do

21:21

that the answers you get can sometimes

21:23

end up being less fun Skeptics in this

21:25

field urge people to keep several

21:27

killjoy points in mind when discussing

21:29

UFO sightings everyone is vulnerable to

21:31

misinterpretations uh human vision is

21:33

often unreliable human memory is

21:35

imperfect and people's prior beliefs

21:37

influence perception which is to say

21:39

what you think you saw might depend on

21:41

what you expected to see historians have

21:44

pointed out UFO sightings in the 50s and

21:46

60s in Germany very rarely had the sort

21:48

of alien extraterrestrial Bend instead

21:50

Germans saw things they couldn't explain

21:52

and assumed that they were American or

21:53

Russian technology on top of which a lot

21:56

of unexplained sightings can turn out to

21:58

have have rational explanations take

22:00

this striking video of floating pyramids

22:02

in the air above a Navy ship shot

22:04

through night vision goggles it

22:07

understandably got a lot of attention

22:09

when it was first released but in

22:11

Congressional testimony last year a Navy

22:13

official offered a pretty benol reason

22:15

for it the hypothesis is that those

22:19

are uh commercial drones that uh because

22:23

of the use of night vision goggles

22:24

appear like triangles is that the

22:26

operating assessment some type of uh of

22:29

drone uh some type of uh of unmanned

22:31

aerial system uh and it is simply that

22:34

that light source uh resolves itself

22:36

through the um through the night vision

22:39

goggles onto the SLR camera as a

22:41

triangle

22:44

oh I mean I would rather believe those

22:47

are triangle aliens who live on a

22:48

distant triangle planet and this is how

22:50

they communicate in their triangle

22:51

language but I guess an optical illusion

22:54

caused by night vision Tech can be

22:56

satisfying too even though it really

22:57

doesn't feel that way right now and the

23:01

good news is there does seem to be a

23:03

movement toward more careful

23:04

consideration of UFOs and it's

23:06

encouraging that NASA recently assembled

23:08

a small team made up of experts in

23:09

everything from science to Aerospace

23:12

safety to examine uaps and last summer

23:14

we got a glimpse of what it is like to

23:16

have them break down a UFO video

23:18

specifically this popular one which

23:20

appears to show a mysterious object

23:21

nicknamed go fast moving extremely

23:25

quickly the panel explained at length as

23:27

part of a 4-Hour press conference how

23:29

they figured out that the object

23:31

actually wasn't moving that fast at all

23:33

here is just a small sample so knowing

23:36

the Jet's altitude and the bearing uh to

23:38

the Target we can apply basic

23:40

trigonometry to figure out where that

23:42

object is in altitude space so it's the

23:45

ocean that looks like it's right behind

23:46

it is actually 4.2 miles away and this

23:50

is our first indication that some or

23:53

most of the motion that we observe the

23:55

apparent motion of the object uh isn't

23:58

in fact due to the rapid motion of the

24:00

sensing platform well that was boring as

24:04

I mean no one in their right mind

24:07

would want to go to a McDonald's themed

24:09

after that explanation at all but but

24:12

that is kind of the point here in that

24:14

again 4our video they set out what they

24:17

know the object speed and concede what

24:19

they don't know which is what the object

24:21

is and they make the argument that to

24:23

get a better understanding of UFOs a

24:25

rigorous evidence-based datadriven

24:28

science scien ific framework is

24:29

essential and they are right about that

24:31

it's both promising and long overdue to

24:33

see people approaching this issue

24:34

soberly scientifically and perhaps most

24:37

importantly

24:38

boringly and I know that is hard this is

24:40

an area where it is easy to fall into

24:42

one of two camps hardcore Skeptics who

24:45

roll their eyes at the whole subject and

24:47

true believers who are convinced

24:49

everything has a Fantastical explanation

24:51

that the government is keeping from us

24:52

you will see in comments below this

24:54

piece on YouTube those two groups

24:56

fighting it out over everything I've

24:59

said here and only agreeing on the fact

25:00

that I am a idiot which I am not

25:03

even denying but not for the reasons

25:05

that they will be arguing but there

25:07

needs to be room for honest inquiry

25:09

because science is all about collecting

25:12

small answers that eventually help us

25:14

address big questions like are we alone

25:16

in the universe what is that that I just

25:19

saw in the sky and for the final time

25:21

where actually is my snake I'm serious

25:24

can everyone please look under their

25:25

chairs cuz I genuinely do not know where

25:27

it is that is our show thank you so much

25:29

for watching this has been Last Week

25:31

Tonight I'm John Oliver And The Vape is

25:33

dragon fruit

25:37

banana good

25:40

night oh there it is there it is

25:43

there's my S I found it that's hold a

25:48

second yeah that's that's not actually

25:51

my snake that's a that's a different

25:55

snake my snake looks like that but

25:58

that's a different

26:00

snake this is this is someone else's

26:04

snake someone please come get your snake

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Related Tags
UFO SightingsGovernment SecrecyAlien PhenomenaUnidentified Aerial PhenomenaScientific InquiryConspiracy TheoriesHistorical AccountsCold War Cover-upsPentagon UFO ProgramNASA ResearchSkepticism vs. Belief