馬航370，這裡是最完整的故事

哥布林
8 Mar 202444:26

Summary

TLDRThis video delves into the enigmatic disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370, a Boeing 777 that vanished on March 8, 2014, en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing with 239 people onboard. Despite nearly 12 years of maintenance, the aircraft's sudden and mysterious detour led to its presumed crash in the Southern Indian Ocean, sparking numerous theories ranging from pilot hijacking to catastrophic failure. The discovery of a flaperon on Réunion Island in July 2015 provided the first tangible evidence of the tragedy. A decade later, despite numerous pieces of debris washing ashore in East Africa, the plane's final moments and exact crash site remain shrouded in mystery, leaving the aviation world grappling with its biggest mystery.

Takeaways

  • 🚨 Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, a Boeing 777, disappeared en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing on March 8, 2014, sparking one of aviation's biggest mysteries.
  • 🗳 On July 29, 2015, a flaperon piece from the missing Boeing 777 was discovered on Réunion Island, providing the first direct evidence that the aircraft had crashed into the sea.
  • 📈 Subsequent debris findings on various islands in the Southeast African region suggested a widespread crash impact area in the Indian Ocean.
  • 🚁 Theories regarding the plane's disappearance include a possible hijacking by the pilot, a fire on board, or a hijacking by passengers, but no definitive conclusion has been reached.
  • 🚤 Ten years after the disappearance, new discoveries have yet to provide significant insights into the exact events that led to the tragedy.
  • 📢 The flight's final moments included routine communication with air traffic control, followed by a mysterious turn off course and the eventual disabling of the aircraft's communication systems.
  • 🕹 Military radar captured the plane's unexpected turn and monitored its path across the Malay Peninsula and into the Indian Ocean.
  • 📡 Inmarsat satellite data played a crucial role in tracking the plane's possible locations after it vanished from radar, leading to a massive, yet unsuccessful, search in the Southern Indian Ocean.
  • 📝 Official investigations and reports have been unable to conclusively determine the cause of MH370's disappearance, leading to various theories but no solid conclusions.
  • 🚧 Ongoing searches and analyses of found debris continue in hopes of uncovering more about the flight's final moments and providing closure to the families of the 239 people on board.

Q & A

  • What was the final destination of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370?

    -The final destination of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 was Beijing, China.

  • When did the Boeing 777襟副翼 fragment of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 get discovered?

    -The fragment was discovered on July 29, 2015, on Réunion Island, which is a French territory in the Indian Ocean.

  • What was the total number of passengers and crew on board Malaysia Airlines Flight 370?

    -There were 227 passengers and 12 crew members on board, including the captain and co-pilot.

  • What was the primary role of the ACARS system on board Malaysia Airlines Flight 370?

    -The ACARS (Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System) was the main communication medium between the aircraft and the airline, allowing for the transmission of flight data such as position, height, speed, and destination.

  • How did the Malaysian military radar capture the flight path of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 after it disappeared from civilian radar?

    -The Malaysian military radar, which is more precise than civilian radar, captured the flight path of Flight 370 even after the aircraft's transponders were turned off. It detected the aircraft making a series of maneuvers and eventually flying south over the Indian Ocean.

  • What was the significance of the 'satellite handshakes' in the investigation of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370?

    -The 'satellite handshakes' were signals sent from the aircraft's ACARS system to the Inmarsat satellite. These signals, while not providing specific location data, allowed investigators to calculate the distance the aircraft was from the satellite and helped narrow down the search area in the southern Indian Ocean.

  • What was the role of the captain of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, Zaharie Ahmad Shah, in the days leading up to the flight?

    -Captain Zaharie Ahmad Shah was a highly experienced pilot with over 18,000 hours of flight time, including 8,600 hours on Boeing 777 aircraft. He was also a training captain and had been with Malaysia Airlines since 1981.

  • What was the initial reaction of air traffic control when they lost contact with Malaysia Airlines Flight 370?

    -Initially, air traffic control assumed that Flight 370 had entered the airspace of the neighboring Ho Chi Minh flight information region. It took some time before they realized that the aircraft had not made contact with the next air traffic control center and that something was amiss.

  • What were the three main theories proposed to explain the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370?

    -The three main theories proposed were pilot suicide (with the captain deliberately crashing the plane), a hijacking by a third party, and a mechanical or electrical failure on board the aircraft leading to an uncontrolled flight until fuel exhaustion.

  • What was the significance of the debris found on the east coast of Africa in relation to the search for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370?

    -The debris found on the east coast of Africa, including a flaperon from the aircraft, provided the first concrete evidence that Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 had crashed into the ocean.

  • What was the conclusion of the final investigation report released by the Malaysian Ministry of Transport in July 2018?

    -The final investigation report concluded that the aircraft was manually altered from its original flight path but did not determine who was responsible for the change. It also did not provide a definitive reason for the disappearance of MH370.

Outlines

00:00

🔍 Discovery of MH370's Debris

A flaperon from a Boeing 777 was found on Réunion Island, marking the first direct evidence of the crash of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, which disappeared over a year before in 2014. Subsequent discoveries of debris around the Southeast African coast raised questions about the flight's mysterious change in direction and fate. The narrative sets the stage for an in-depth exploration of the events leading up to the flight's disappearance, the crew involved, and the theories surrounding the incident, inviting the audience into the most comprehensive story of Flight MH370.

05:02

✈️ The Final Takeoff

The departure of MH370 on March 8, 2014, from Kuala Lumpur International Airport is detailed, highlighting the experienced crew led by Captain Zaharie Ahmad Shah and First Officer Fariq Abdul Hamid. The flight's preparation, including fueling and passenger boarding, proceeded normally, despite the extra fuel requested for potential delays at Beijing Capital Airport. The narrative outlines the initial stages of the flight, including communication with air traffic control, setting the scene for the subsequent mysterious events.

10:11

🌐 Last Communications

The moments leading up to MH370's disappearance are chronicled, including its last communication with air traffic control and the unusual repetition of the cruising altitude report. The narrative emphasizes the sudden silence after the flight's transponder and ACARS system were manually turned off, creating a pivotal moment in the timeline. This section introduces the complexities of aviation communication systems and the crucial yet easily disrupted link between aircraft and ground control.

15:12

📡 Radar Mystery and Disappearance

As MH370 vanished from civilian radars, military radar picked up the aircraft making unexpected maneuvers, suggesting deliberate action. The narrative describes the military's tracking of the plane as it turned back across the Malay Peninsula and the baffling altitude changes reported. This paragraph highlights the limitations of radar coverage and the significant gap in communication between military and civilian air traffic control that allowed MH370 to disappear.

20:13

🔎 Theories and Investigations

This section delves into the theories regarding MH370's disappearance, including the possibility of a hijacking by the pilot, a fire, or an external hijack attempt. It also details the last known movements of Captain Zaharie Ahmad Shah, examining his personal life, professional background, and the scrutiny he faced post-disappearance. Despite extensive investigations, no definitive motive or explanation has been established, leaving room for speculation and further inquiry.

25:15

🤔 Questioning the Pilot's Motive

The narrative explores the complex character of Captain Zaharie Ahmad Shah, addressing his potential motivations and debunking the simplification of his actions to mere personal issues. Through a detailed look at his life, interests, and political inclinations, the paragraph challenges the narrative of a premeditated hijacking, considering the lack of concrete evidence and the human tendency to search for easy answers to complex tragedies.

30:16

🌍 The Global Mystery Continues

This section covers the ongoing mystery of MH370, including the efforts to find the aircraft and the various pieces of debris discovered years later. The narrative highlights the international dimension of the search, the theories that continue to emerge, and the significant financial and emotional toll on the families of the victims. It underscores the profound impact of the disappearance on global aviation and the enduring quest for closure and answers.

35:18

📊 Final Reports and Continued Speculation

The release of the final investigation report by the Malaysian government, which failed to conclude the cause of MH370's disappearance, is discussed. This section scrutinizes the limitations of the investigation, critiques of the aviation authorities' handling of the incident, and the resignation of key officials. It reflects on the unresolved nature of the case and the continued speculation and efforts by independent researchers to solve one of aviation's greatest mysteries.

40:20

🕵️‍♂️ Diverse Theories and the Search for Truth

This concluding section weighs the various theories surrounding MH370's disappearance, including the contested pilot hijacking theory, the possibility of a fire, and other hijack attempts. It addresses the challenges of the ongoing search and the quest for new evidence that could lead to a breakthrough in understanding the flight's fate. The narrative calls for continued investigation, emphasizing the importance of finding closure for the families and the global community.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Malaysia Airlines Flight 370

Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 (MH370) refers to the passenger flight that disappeared on March 8, 2014, while flying from Kuala Lumpur International Airport to Beijing Capital International Airport. The disappearance of MH370 is one of the biggest mysteries in aviation history, sparking a massive international search and investigation effort. The script mentions the flight's disappearance, details about the aircraft, the passengers, and crew onboard, setting the stage for discussing various theories and the subsequent discovery of debris, linking directly to the main theme of unraveling the story behind MH370.

💡Boeing 777

The Boeing 777 is a long-range, wide-body twin-engine jet airliner, which in the context of the video, is the model of the airplane used for MH370. The script notes that the aircraft, with the registration number 9M-MRO, was nearly 12 years old at the time of the incident and had a good maintenance record, highlighting the unexpected nature of the disappearance given the aircraft's reputed reliability and the airline's safety protocols.

💡Debris

Debris refers to the remains of the aircraft that were discovered washed ashore on various islands in the Indian Ocean, starting with a flaperon on Réunion Island in July 2015. This was the first physical evidence that MH370 had ended in the Indian Ocean. The discovery of debris provided crucial clues towards understanding the flight's final moments and the script emphasizes their significance in linking the disappearance to a crash at sea.

💡Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is mentioned in the script as the location where MH370 is believed to have ended its flight, far from its intended route to Beijing. The vastness and depth of the Indian Ocean, along with its remote location, have made the search and recovery operations for MH370 extremely challenging. The narrative points out how the plane mysteriously turned and ended up in the Indian Ocean, which is central to the story of MH370.

💡Pilot Hijacking Theory

The Pilot Hijacking Theory suggests that the captain of MH370, Zaharie Ahmad Shah, deliberately diverted the plane's course, leading to its disappearance. This theory is one of several attempting to explain the incident, based on certain circumstantial evidence, including flight simulator data found at his home. The script discusses this theory as a potential explanation for the aircraft's deviation from its planned route and eventual disappearance.

💡Inmarsat Data

Inmarsat data refers to the series of 'handshakes'—automatic communications between the aircraft and an Inmarsat satellite. This data played a critical role in narrowing down the search area for MH370 to the southern Indian Ocean. The script explains how these satellite communications provided a new direction in the search effort, despite the plane's disappearance from radar.

💡ACARS System

The Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) is a digital datalink system for transmitting messages between aircraft and ground stations. The script mentions how ACARS was turned off before MH370 disappeared from radar, which is a significant factor in the mystery, indicating that the plane's communications were deliberately disabled.

💡Transponder

A transponder is an electronic device that produces a response when it receives a radio-frequency interrogation. Aircraft transponders broadcast the plane's identity, altitude, and location to air traffic controllers. The script highlights the moment when MH370's transponder was turned off, marking the beginning of the aircraft's disappearance from civilian radar systems and signaling a key event in the unfolding mystery.

💡Southern Indian Ocean

The Southern Indian Ocean is mentioned as the final resting place of MH370 based on satellite data analysis. The remoteness and depth of this part of the ocean have complicated search efforts. The video script delves into the search operations conducted in this area and the challenges faced, underscoring the vastness and difficulty of the task.

💡Ocean Infinity

Ocean Infinity is a private company that undertook a search operation for MH370 in the Southern Indian Ocean, utilizing advanced underwater technology. The script refers to Ocean Infinity's involvement as part of the ongoing efforts to locate the aircraft, showcasing the transition from public to private initiatives in the search for MH370 and reflecting the continued global interest in solving this aviation mystery.

Highlights

Discovery of Boeing 777 flaperon wreckage on Reunion Island, providing the first concrete evidence that Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 crashed into the sea over a year after its disappearance.

Multiple pieces of wreckage found scattered across islands in the Southeast African region, stirring questions about the flight's mysterious route change and disappearance.

Detailed backstory of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, including the flight's preparation, the experienced crew, and the passengers on board.

The last moments before the disappearance, including the final communications with air traffic control and the abrupt cessation of transponder signals.

Investigation into the disabling of the aircraft's communication systems, including the transponder and ACARS, leading to theories about deliberate actions.

Military radar tracking the flight's unexpected turn and subsequent path across the Malay Peninsula, raising questions about the response to the deviation.

The flight's final hours inferred from satellite data, pointing to a southward path into the Indian Ocean far from any possible landing sites.

Theories on what happened aboard MH370, ranging from pilot hijacking, fire onboard, to passenger hijacking, with no conclusive evidence to confirm any.

Ten years after the accident, new discoveries and ongoing investigations into the missing flight, yet the true narrative remains elusive.

The significant emotional and logistical impact on the families of the 239 people on board, left without closure for years.

Efforts and challenges in the largest and most expensive search operation in aviation history, focusing on the vast and remote areas of the Indian Ocean.

Controversial evidence and theories surrounding the flight's captain, including his personal background and the simulator data found at his home.

Debates over the adequacy of aviation security and tracking systems, sparked by the plane's disappearance and the delayed response.

Renewed calls for searching based on new expert claims of a possible soft ditching by the pilot, intended to hide the aircraft in the ocean.

The unresolved nature of MH370's disappearance and its implications for future aviation safety, security, and the necessity of closure for affected families.

Transcripts

00:00

這是一片 來自波音777的襟副翼殘片（用殘片＋真實777的照片）

00:04

在法屬留尼旺島被發現

00:07

發現的時間是2015年7月29日

00:11

直到這個時候

00:12

人們才終於有明確直接的證據

00:15

證明一年多前失蹤的馬航370

00:18

已經墜海

00:19

後來 陸陸續續有許多殘片

00:22

在東南非一帶的各個小島 近攤被發現

00:25

原本要飛往北京的波音777

00:28

為什麼突然神秘的掉頭

00:30

又是怎麼出現在南印度洋的？

00:32

機長劫機論

00:34

機上起火論

00:35

乘客劫機論

00:36

那天 飛機上究竟發生了什麼？

00:39

如今 事故過去了十年

00:42

有什麼新的發現？

00:43

歡迎走進

00:44

馬來西亞航空370號航班

00:47

最完整的故事

03:41

2014年3月8日凌晨

03:44

馬來西亞 吉隆坡

03:46

吉隆坡國際機場 晴空萬里

03:49

馬來西亞航空370號航班

03:51

一架波音777-200ER

03:53

註冊編號9M-MRO

03:55

準備由吉隆坡飛往中國北京

03:58

飛機機齡接近12年

04:00

維修記錄簿記載

04:02

飛機狀態良好 沒有任何故障

04:05

機上載有227名乘客

04:07

其中有153名來自中國

04:10

38名來自馬來西亞

04:12

以及另外12國包括台灣在內的旅客

04:16

負責執飛這趟航班的

04:18

有十位空服員與兩名機師

04:20

副駕駛Fariq Abdul Hamid（法里克·阿卜杜勒·哈米德）

04:23

27歲

04:24

總飛行時數2,700小時

04:27

年紀輕輕 就在波音737與空巴a330上擔任過副駕駛

04:31

事故前四個月

04:33

他開始在波音777上訓練

04:35

這趟航班 恰好是他訓練期間的最後一趟航班

04:39

他預計下一趟航班就準備接受考核了

04:51

機長Zaharie Ahmad Shah（扎哈里·艾哈邁德·沙阿）

04:53

53歲

04:54

總飛行時數高達18,400小時

04:57

其中在波音777上8,600小時

05:01

他在1981年就加入馬航

05:04

以機長身份飛過波音737-400與空巴a330

05:09

在1998年拿到了波音777-200的飛行證照

05:13

更是在2007年被升為考證教官與考證審核官

05:18

他是馬航中 最資深的飛行員之一

05:21

副駕駛法里克正是機長一手訓練起來的

05:24

正常來說 訓練航班上會有額外的第三名機師

05:29

但這趟航班

05:30

或許是兩位機師資質都很好

05:33

有他們就夠了

05:35

乘客們通過登機門的廊道進入飛機

05:37

接受空服員熱情的歡迎 進入擁擠的雙走道客機

05:43

隨身行李被放在行李架上

05:45

對乘客而言

05:46

這是再正常不過的一次飛行

05:49

或許是趕紅眼航班有點累了

05:52

許多乘客一上機 就呼呼地睡去

05:55

他們怎麼也想不到 自己已經踏入了

05:58

航空史上最大的謎團

06:01

登機作業完成

06:03

起飛前 機長要求加了49,100公斤的燃油

06:07

共可以飛7小時又31分鐘

06:10

比預計的5小時34分航程多了接近兩小時

06:14

一般來說 每趟航班都會帶備降燃油與緊急燃油

06:19

而且北京首都機場是一座繁忙的機場

06:22

馬航認為說不定會出現盤旋等待

06:25

所以又要求各航班多帶30分鐘的燃油

06:29

這樣的燃油量是很正常的

06:31

時間來到凌晨00:25

06:34

馬航370請求出發許可

06:36

接下來播放的是馬航370與塔台、地面、區管的對話錄音

07:45

00:27

07:47

後推車將這架波音777

07:50

從登機門緩緩推出

08:40

飛機正以接近30節的地速

08:42

滑行到機場的32R跑道

08:45

副駕駛負責與地面溝通

08:47

機長負責滑行

08:49

看似一切正常

08:52

00:40

08:54

偌大的飛機已經來到跑道頭

08:56

塔台給予馬航370起飛許可

09:16

波音777開始做起飛滑跑

09:38

轉瞬間

09:39

飛機已經升空

09:41

時間是00:42

09:43

比預計出發時間晚了7分鐘

09:47

升空後 副駕駛負責飛行事務

09:49

機長則負責通訊

09:51

這是馬航一貫的組員分工

10:10

航管指引他們直飛IGARI航點

10:13

這可以節省他們時間

10:22

機長扎哈里 將頻率調到吉隆坡區管

10:46

凌晨00:43

10:48

吉隆坡區管播了一通直連電話到越南胡志明區管中心

10:53

說飛機大約會在01:22 飛到IGARI航點

10:57

IGARI航點 是一個頗為特殊的航點

11:00

它位於馬來西亞與越南兩塊半島的正中間

11:04

吉隆坡機場東北方500公里左右

11:07

這個位置 正好位在五個飛航情報區的交界處

11:11

新加坡飛航情報區、吉隆坡、胡志明、金邊與曼谷飛航情報區

11:18

當飛機由一個情報區 被交接給另一個情報區時

11:23

飛行員要向對方做「Check in」動作

11:26

如果管制員呼叫不到飛機

11:28

最慢五分鐘之內 將要把這一消息通報

11:32

然而今天 情況卻有所不同...

11:37

馬航370繼續照計畫爬升

11:39

在01:01

11:41

機長向吉隆坡報告

11:43

飛機已經來到巡航高度35,000英呎

11:53

7分鐘後

11:54

機長向吉隆坡重複了一遍他們的高度

11:58

通常這是不必要的

11:59

但總之

12:10

預計抵達IGARI航點的3分鐘前

12:14

吉隆坡區管指引他們聯繫胡志明區管

12:26

機長的這句晚安

12:28

是向航管的道謝與道別

12:31

也是馬航370留在這個世上的最後一句話

12:37

01:20

12:38

波音777飛過了IGARI航點

12:41

即將進入胡志明飛航情報區

12:44

自動駕駛 開始調整航向

12:46

繼續往下一個航點BITOD進發

12:49

在這個時候 我們必須簡單介紹一下

12:52

波音777聯繫地面的主要方式

12:55

總共有五個

12:56

我們把焦點擺在應答機系統 與ACARS系統

13:00

因為這兩個 與馬航的失蹤有直接關係

13:03

-應答機系統

13:04

搭配的是地面的二次雷達

13:06

可以把它想像成飛機與航管之間的Zenly 或 尋找iPhone

13:12

應答機會把航班號、Squawk Code、型號、高度與目的地

13:17

還有最重要的位置資訊

13:19

傳給航管中心

13:20

管制員方能在螢幕上定位

13:23

以確保飛機與飛機間保持安全距離

13:26

應答機的重要性 可想而知

13:28

所以整趟航程下來都不應該被關閉

13:31

但關閉應答機 卻很容易

13:34

只要輕輕的挑一下應答機面板上的旋鈕 就關掉了

13:39

-ACARS系統

13:41

ACARS 是航空公司 與飛機通訊的主要媒介

13:44

在近海或內陸 飛機會透過VHF 超高頻通訊

13:49

聯繫諸如SITA或ARINC公司的地面基地台

13:53

這些通訊公司 再把飛機資訊 包括飛機詳細的位置、高度速度、目的地、

13:59

幾時出發等

14:01

傳給航空公司

14:02

在遠洋 飛機會透過衛星通訊系統SATCOM

14:06

傳給諸如Inmarsat 或iridium

14:10

他們再轉傳給航空公司

14:11

而同樣的 航空公司也能把一些飛航資訊

14:15

例如天氣、哪裡會有海上風暴等資料傳給飛機

14:20

可以把它想像成機上的iMessage

14:22

而SITA或Inmarsat 可能就是AT&T 或 遠傳電信的概念

14:28

ACARS 也是可以關閉的

14:30

但 在關閉前最後一刻 電腦會傳送一個「ACARS已關閉」的訊息

14:35

到地面

14:36

要怎麼無聲無息的關閉ACARS系統呢？

14:40

最直接的方法就是將飛機的電力系統關閉

14:44

ACARS直接在電力系統斷路的那一刻關機

14:47

「ACARS已關閉」的訊息才不會被傳遞出去

14:51

01:20:34

14:53

飛機剛飛越IGARI

14:55

自動駕駛剛開始轉彎的這一刻

14:57

機上的應答機 被人為的關閉了

15:01

管制員這個時候應該會注意到一個光點

15:04

突然消失在自己的顯示器上

15:07

但 飛機剛剛好在通過飛航情報區邊界的時候消失

15:11

吉隆坡區管以為 飛機已經飛入進入胡志明情報區

15:16

已經不是他的事了

15:17

另一頭 胡志明情報區的管制員在等待機長匯報

15:21

通常晚個一兩分鐘都屬於正常範圍

15:25

然而 兩分鐘變成 五分鐘

15:28

五分鐘變成十五分鐘

15:30

奇怪的是 馬航一直沒有回報位置

15:33

在雷達螢幕上也看不見馬航的資訊

15:36

飛機上的ACARS在01:17到02:03之間

15:41

被關閉了

15:43

就像剛說的 關閉ACARS前會有一個「ACARS已關閉」的訊息

15:48

傳送到馬來西亞航空運營中心

15:51

但 馬航沒有收到這樣的訊息

15:54

這意味著 飛機的電力系統很可能在這個時候

15:57

突然切斷了

15:58

ACARS在斷路的那一刻關閉

16:01

所以我們才無法得知關閉的準確時間點

16:06

飛機最後與吉隆坡區管通訊

16:08

過去了整整20分鐘

16:10

胡志明區管終於坐不住

16:13

一通電話打到吉隆坡區管

16:15

吉隆坡：「我已經轉交給你了對吧？」

16:17

胡志明：「是...是的，但飛機光點沒有出現在我們的雷達螢幕上」

16:22

兩邊的雷達螢幕上都沒有馬航

16:25

馬航呢？

16:26

接下來幾分鐘

16:27

胡志明聯繫了香港、金邊

16:29

也要求其他在空中的飛機聯繫馬航370

16:34

但 都找不到

16:36

一架波音777在五個飛航情報區的交界處

16:39

消失了

16:41

航管 航空公司 衛星 在這個時候都追蹤不了飛機

16:46

但 飛機真正的“憑空消失”

16:49

否則 它是不可能逃脫監控的

16:51

因為還有最後一個方法 就是軍用雷達

16:55

飛機軌跡 被馬來西亞的軍用雷達給捕捉到了

16:59

軍用雷達 精准度遠高於民用雷達

17:02

一般管制員的雷達屬於「二次雷達」

17:05

而軍用雷達 則結合了「基礎雷達」

17:08

任何被雷達波照射到的物體

17:10

包括飛機、敵國的戰鬥機、或大一點的鳥群

17:14

都會反射回來

17:15

所以馬航就算關掉了應答機

17:18

就算關掉了ACARS

17:20

也依舊會被偵測到

17:22

不過 軍方只能看到單純的一個點

17:24

沒有顯示 它究竟是鳥群或飛機

17:27

亦或是民航機還是軍機

17:29

當然 一般軍用雷達不止於此

17:32

它還能準確反射出物體的高度與速度

17:35

然而 馬來西亞軍方說

17:37

他們的高度與速度數據 剛好有誤

17:40

有些高度前一分鐘升高到58,000英呎

17:43

後一分鐘突然降低到4,800英呎

17:47

這完全違反飛機性能與空氣動力學

17:50

就算動力歸零操縱桿下推

17:53

空氣阻力不會讓飛機像自由落體一般

17:56

飛機也很可能會被撕扯到解體

17:59

所以我們只清楚飛機的經緯度僅此而已

18:03

軍用雷達捕捉到馬航一開始向右轉

18:06

看起來確實是要飛往BITOD

18:08

然而 在兩個飛航情報區的交界處

18:11

飛機突然向左大角度的轉彎

18:14

轉彎角度大到 在駕駛艙

18:16

機師應該能聽到「傾角過大」的警告

18:22

轉彎慢慢停歇

18:24

飛機轉至航向273後停止

18:27

接著 01:24到01:37這段期間

18:32

軍用雷達偵測到飛機的航向偏轉

18:34

從8度到20度不等

18:37

速度最快來到529節地速

18:39

最慢451節

18:41

飛機正在快速的橫越馬來半島

18:44

與此同時 胡志明區管甚至第一通確認電話都還沒打

18:48

馬來西亞軍方也好像在睡覺似的

18:51

沒有任何戰鬥機升空攔截不明目標

18:53

也沒有向任何民用區管通報他們的發現

18:57

就這樣 飛機在01:52

18:59

飛越了馬來半島

19:01

來到檳城上空

19:03

這時 飛機再次右轉

19:05

機身開始傾斜

19:08

此時

19:09

副駕駛的iPhone 5

19:10

一般在機上是收不到信號的

19:12

可能因為這個傾斜角度剛好讓手機連線到地面上的基地台

19:17

01:52:27

19:19

手機在短短的幾秒鐘與地面基地台相連

19:23

接著 機身改平 訊號丟失

19:27

不過 基地台因此有了紀錄

19:30

這是少數幾個 馬航為世人留下來的線索 之一

19:35

飛機轉彎後繼續直飛

19:37

航線與航道N571相近

19:40

大部分客機會沿著空中的各個航道 前往四面八方

19:44

N571就是其中一條

19:47

所以 這可能是馬來西亞軍方沒有讓戰機升空攔截的原因

19:52

馬航370 像一般的民航機一樣不顯眼

19:56

飛機繼續往安達曼海方向飛

19:58

接下來是孟加拉灣

20:00

接下來才是印度

20:02

在這空出來的海域 馬來西亞是沒有雷達站的

20:05

當飛機飛離馬來半島最外圍的雷達站

20:08

它將徹底消失於軍民兩方的雷達系統上

20:13

凌晨02:22

20:15

失聯後一小時又三分鐘

20:17

飛機光點出現在MEKAR航點外10海浬

20:21

然後 就沒有然後了

20:23

這是軍用雷達最後一次捕捉到馬航370

20:28

在這裡

20:30

相信各位都充滿疑惑

20:31

飛機究竟是為什麼會做出如此奇怪的操作

20:34

為什麼應答機要關閉？

20:36

之後的Inmarsat的數據又是怎麼來的？

20:43

目前主流的三個理論

20:45

分別是機長劫機論

20:47

起火／電子系統失效論

20:49

與第三方劫機論

20:51

這是機長扎哈里

20:53

在2014年3月7日晚間10點

20:56

在吉隆坡國際機場報到並順利通過檢查門的畫面

21:00

也是機長 留給世人最後的身影

21:03

畫面中的他 看起來沒有任何異樣

21:06

這個論點的支持者

21:08

包括很多專業的航空從業人員、機師等

21:12

像是MH 370獨立調查團的創辦人

21:15

航空工程師Richard Godfrey

21:18

他也相當暸解飛機的各個電子系統

21:20

這個理論 有一部分資料出自於他

21:24

機長劫機論認為

21:25

在即將到達IGARI之前

21:28

機長用什麼理由 讓副駕駛離開了駕駛艙

21:31

可能讓他去倒杯咖啡

21:33

而趁這個時候 機長將機艙門鎖了起來

21:37

並手動的把應答機關閉

21:39

證據是 飛機在雷達螢幕上“搞消失”的時候

21:43

儘管管制員沒有注意到

21:45

但在回放後 有那麼一瞬間

21:48

飛機顯示的資訊

21:49

是：「高度350」「高度0」

21:52

接著 整個光點消失

21:54

而導致這結果的原因是

21:56

要把應答機旋鈕旋至待命模式 也就是關閉應答機

22:01

必須先經過這個「關閉高度」模式

22:04

機長可能自己也想不到 或深知無可避免

22:08

所以儘快的把轉盤轉到待命模式

22:12

接著 機長先把電力系統斷路

22:15

這樣一來 ACARS會被直接斷路

22:18

讓航空公司的系統不能追蹤到自家的飛機

22:21

也不能第一時間知道ACARS被人為關閉

22:25

而機長選在通過IGARI

22:27

這個五個飛行情報區交界處

22:30

管轄權複雜的地方

22:31

關閉應答機

22:32

故意拖延兩方航管發現飛機失蹤的時間

22:36

這些行徑 都很像是計畫好的

22:39

當飛機飛越IGARI 開始轉彎的那一刻

22:43

機長突然將飛機 大動作的掉頭

22:46

是要讓馬航370留在馬來西亞飛航情報區內

22:49

讓軍方以為飛機可能遭遇緊急狀況要返航

22:53

而且 雷達上的光點總數一樣

22:56

軍方可能不會特別去注意到異樣

22:59

而如果是飛機自動駕駛出現故障

23:02

突然要飛機做返航

23:03

那飛機的轉彎傾斜角也已經超出自動駕駛的安全範圍

23:08

所以一定是人為操作

23:10

而且 到現在

23:12

我還沒有聽過自動駕駛出故障的時候

23:14

會改變自己的航向的案例

23:18

接著 機長把「空氣」當作「武器」

23:21

在機艙失壓時

23:22

有三種不同的情境

23:24

乘客們 會戴上從艙頂降下的氧氣面罩

23:28

這能提供15分鐘的氧氣

23:30

空服員 會指引乘客戴上氧氣面罩

23:33

同時 會利用空服員專用的氧氣瓶呼吸

23:37

可以提供44分鐘的氧氣

23:39

機長 會戴上駕駛艙的氧氣面罩

23:41

供氧系統獨立於客艙

23:44

而且能提供好幾個小時的氧氣

23:46

所以 更悲慘的推斷是

23:49

機長很有可能

23:50

將自己的氧氣罩戴上

23:52

並把減壓閥給打開

23:54

這時 乘客們只能最多呼吸15分鐘

23:57

一般來說 這時間已經夠一架777下降到氧氣足夠的高度了

24:02

但 機長不打算這麼做

24:05

當這些氧氣耗盡

24:07

人會慢慢昏厥 最後死亡

24:12

副駕駛提著空服員專用的氧氣瓶

24:15

要求進入駕駛艙時

24:17

機長並沒有理會他

24:19

而是把艙門維持上鎖

24:21

44分鐘存氧量耗盡

24:23

最終 副駕駛也失去了意識

24:27

搞定了機內

24:28

機長開始設法逃脫雷達與軍機

24:31

他選擇了一條巧妙的航線

24:33

介於泰國與馬來西亞邊境的航道

24:36

反覆來回的進入與離開兩個飛航情報區

24:39

這樣泰國與馬來西亞兩方

24:42

都不知道該不該對這個「不明目標」做出反應

24:46

最後 飛機在檳城做了一次轉彎

24:49

有些人認為是機長為了看最後一眼自己從小長大的故鄉

24:53

比較有可能的猜測是

24:55

他為了躲避印尼飛航情報區

24:58

因為他不知道印尼的空軍會不會像馬來西亞的那麼散慢

25:02

所以他選擇留在馬來西亞飛航情報區

25:05

機長還故意把自己塞入N571航道裡飛行

25:09

為的就是魚目混珠 把自己偽裝成一位過客

25:15

講到這邊 我也很疑惑

25:17

如果這些是真的

25:19

機長是出於什麼原因

25:20

做出這樣的行為？

25:22

機長扎哈里 究竟是一個怎麼樣的人？

25:26

扎哈里·艾哈邁德·沙阿

25:29

1967年7月31日

25:31

出生於馬來西亞 檳城

25:33

從小家境不是很寬裕

25:35

但他依舊有個飛行夢

25:37

1981年

25:38

在政府機關資助下 扎哈里以飛行學員加入馬航

25:43

此後一直在馬航深耕 在事故發生時他已經接近能退休的年紀

25:48

扎哈里已婚 並育有三名子女與一名孫子

25:52

他相當熱愛飛行