Replay! SpaceX Starship launches on 3rd integrated test flight
Summary
TLDRSpaceX's Starship, the world's most powerful launch vehicle, successfully completes its third flight test, demonstrating controlled ascent, hot stage separation, and orbital insertion. The mission aims to gather valuable data to inform the design and development of Starship for future space missions, including landing on the moon and Mars. Despite a nominal ascent and successful engine shutdown, the booster experiences an unscheduled disassembly during the landing burn, providing learning opportunities for SpaceX's rapid reusability goals.
Takeaways
- 🚀 Starship is the world's most powerful launch vehicle and represents the largest flying object ever made.
- 📈 The test aims to surpass achievements from the previous flight test conducted in November of the previous year.
- 🌟 Starship's design goal is to be fully and rapidly reusable, which is critical for future space missions including those to Mars.
- 🔥 The last integrated flight test (Flight 2) saw all 33 Raptor engines on the Super Heavy booster start successfully and complete a full-duration burn during ascent.
- 🛰️ Starship executed a successful hot stage separation and ignited its second-stage Raptor engines for the first time with a vehicle of its size.
- 🌊 The Super Heavy booster in Flight 2 performed a flip maneuver and initiated a boost back burn, but experienced a rapid unscheduled disassembly due to a filter blockage issue.
- 🌐 For Flight 3, Starship will attempt to splash down in the Indian Ocean, testing capabilities needed for future missions while maximizing public safety.
- 🚀 The test profile for Flight 3 is similar to Flight 2 but with a major difference: Starship will attempt to relight a Raptor engine in space for the first time.
- 🌙 Starship's rapid reusability is key for future missions to the moon and beyond, and the data gathered from each test flight informs the design and improvement of the vehicle.
- 🎯 The primary goal of Flight 3 is to collect as much data as possible to continue iterating and improving Starship for future operational flights.
Q & A
What is the primary goal of the Starship's third flight test?
-The primary goal of the Starship's third flight test is to gather as much data as possible to help improve the vehicle and its systems for future missions, including testing the first-ever relight of a Raptor engine in space and attempting a splashdown in the Indian Ocean.
How does the Starship's design compare to the Saturn 5 rocket in terms of thrust?
-Starship has more than twice the thrust of the Saturn 5 rocket. With planned future upgrades, it will have three times the thrust.
What is the significance of the hot staging maneuver performed during the flight test?
-The hot staging maneuver is significant because it is a critical technique for reusable space transportation systems. It involves shutting down most of the booster's engines and igniting the ship's engines while still attached to the partially lit booster, allowing for stage separation and maximizing performance.
What is the purpose of the Starship's heat shield?
-The heat shield, made up of 18,000 hexagonal ceramic tiles, is designed to insulate the vehicle during atmospheric entry, where temperatures can reach as high as 2,600 degrees Fahrenheit, protecting it from the intense heat generated during re-entry.
How does the Starship's first stage (super heavy booster) plan to return to Earth?
-The first stage (super heavy booster) plans to return to Earth by performing a boost back burn to propel itself back towards the coast and then a landing burn to slow down before splashing down in the Gulf of Mexico.
What is the expected outcome for the Starship's second stage (the ship) after the engines shut down?
-After the engines shut down, the Starship's second stage is expected to coast through space for about 30 minutes at altitudes between 150 and 235 km before attempting its first-ever relight of a Raptor engine in space.
What is the significance of the Starship's ability to carry heavy payloads?
-The Starship's ability to carry heavy payloads, up to 250 metric tons to orbit with future engine upgrades, is crucial for missions to the Moon and Mars, as it allows for the transportation of large amounts of cargo and equipment necessary for establishing a self-sustaining city on Mars.
How does the Starship's vertical takeoff and landing (VTVL) capability aid in lunar and Mars missions?
-The VTVL capability is essential for lunar and Mars missions because there are no runways on these celestial bodies. The ability to take off and land vertically on any hard surface enables precise landings and operations on the Moon and Mars.
What is the role of the ground support systems in enabling rapid reusability of the Starship?
-The ground support systems are designed for rapid turnaround of the launchpad between flights. They help minimize post-launch rework and enable quick reflights, which is critical for achieving the goal of rapid reusability of the Starship.
What are some of the lessons learned from previous flight tests that have been implemented for the third flight test?
-Lessons learned from previous flight tests include improvements to the filtration system in the oxygen tank to prevent filter blockage, better leak reduction and fire protection, and operational changes to increase reliability. These have been implemented in the Starship and its booster for the third flight test.
Outlines
🚀 Introduction to Starship and SpaceX's Mission
The script opens with a live view of Starship, the world's most powerful launch vehicle, at T plus 31 minutes and 24 seconds, awaiting its third flight test from Starbase Texas. The event is broadcast from SpaceX headquarters in Hawthorne, California. The excitement is palpable as the crowd anticipates the developmental flight test. The goal is to collect data to get closer to a fully operational Starship, designed for heavy payloads and human landings on the moon and Mars. The Starship's previous test achievements and the importance of its rapid reusability are highlighted.
🌟 Starship's Flight Test Profile and Goals
This paragraph details the flight test profile for Starship, including the attempt to splash down in the Indian Ocean, a steeper trajectory, and testing capabilities needed for future missions. The script explains the planned ignition of 33 Raptor engines, the hot stage separation, and the ship's engines relight in space. It also covers the booster's flip maneuver and the planned venting of excess propellant to simulate payload mass. The focus on public safety and the importance of data collection for the development of a reusable rocket system are emphasized.
🛰️ Starship's Design and Reusability
The third paragraph discusses Starship's design, including its size compared to the Saturn 5 rocket and the Statue of Liberty, and its capabilities for vertical takeoff and landing. The ship's Raptor engines, heat shield tiles, and the hot stage technique are explained. The paragraph also covers the importance of reusability for missions to the moon and Mars, the development of critical systems for propulsion and life support, and the preparation for a self-sustaining city on Mars.
🌙 Lunar and Mars Missions with Starship
This section focuses on the preparations for lunar and Mars missions, including the development of elevators for lunar surface access and the importance of the data gathered from test flights. It mentions the uncrewed demonstration flight before NASA's Artemis 3 mission and the plans for a moon base. The logistics of supporting a city on Mars and the iterative design process of SpaceX are also discussed, emphasizing the learnings from previous spacecraft like Dragon.
🔄 Rapid Reusability and Future Flight Tests
The script highlights SpaceX's goal of full and rapid reusability, with the aim of flying Starship stages with minimal downtime between flights. It discusses the ground systems being developed for rapid reusability and the production of multiple Starship vehicles for future flight tests. The importance of test flights in improving vehicle design and the iterative process of learning from failures are emphasized, with the anticipation of more ambitious goals for upcoming tests.
🚀 Final Countdown and Launch
The final preparations for launch are detailed, including the propellant loading sequences, the potential hold at T-minus 40 seconds due to winds, and the lack of technical issues. The script describes the launch pad readiness, the ignition sequence of the Raptor engines, and the anticipation of a successful liftoff. The excitement of the moment is palpable, with the expectation of a clear path to orbit and the collection of valuable data for future missions.
🌌 Starship in Orbit and Test Objectives
After a successful liftoff and ascent, Starship achieves orbit, marking a new milestone for the mission. The paragraph discusses the successful engine cut off, the ship's coast phase into space, and the planned ambitious test objectives ahead. It also mentions the loss of the booster during the landing burn, indicating a need for further analysis of the data. The focus is on the continuation of the mission to gather as much data as possible for the development of Starship.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Starship
💡Raptor engines
💡Flight test
💡Reusable rocket
💡Super Heavy booster
💡Orbital insertion
💡Hot staging
💡Telemetry
💡Heat shield
💡Lunar mission
Highlights
Starship is the world's most powerful launch vehicle and the largest flying object ever made.
The third flight test of Starship is taking place from Starbase Texas, also known as the 'gateway to Mars'.
The goal of the flight test is to collect as much data as possible to help develop a fully operational Starship.
Starship is designed to be a fully rapidly reusable and reliable rocket, with the aim of flying the heaviest payloads ever.
The latest Starship vehicle has more than twice the thrust of the Saturn 5 rocket, which took astronauts to the Moon.
The previous flight test saw all 33 Raptor engines on the Super Heavy booster start up successfully and complete a full-duration burn during ascent.
Starship executed a successful hot stage separation and ignited the second stage Raptor engines for the first time.
The Super Heavy booster performed a flip maneuver and initiated the boost back burn, experiencing a rapid unscheduled disassembly due to a filter blockage.
The second stage Raptor engines started successfully at separation, but a leak developed causing fires and engine shutdown.
The new water-cooled flame deflector and pad upgrades performed as expected, requiring minimal post-launch rework.
Today's test will see Starship attempt to splash down in the Indian Ocean, testing capabilities needed for future missions.
The test profile includes a hot stage separation, coast phase, and an attempt to fire a single Raptor engine in space for the first time.
The Super Heavy booster will attempt a landing burn before splashing down into the Gulf of Mexico.
Starship's rapid reusability is key for future missions to the Moon and Mars, and the telemetry data received is crucial for development.
The primary goal of flight three is to attempt to transfer several tons of propellant between tanks inside Starship and relight a Raptor engine in space.
The ability to refill Starships in orbit is critical for landing on the Moon and enabling deep space exploration.
Starship's heat shield will be tested during re-entry, with data on temperatures and shield performance being collected.
The countdown for the launch is progressing smoothly, with no technical issues reported.
The launch will take place at 8:25 AM Central Time, with a focus on rapid reusability for future spaceflight.
Transcripts
hello and good morning you're looking at
a live view of Starship the world's most
powerful launch vehicle and by far the
biggest flying object ever made we're
currently at t plus 31 minutes and 24
seconds awaiting our third flight test
of Starship from Starbase Texas or what
we here at SpaceX like to call the
gateway to Mars thanks for tuning in
we're excited to be joining you from
SpaceX headquarters in Hawthorne
California now it's just been a
hundred
you can tell the crowd is already
excited behind us now it's only been 117
days since our last Starship test and
for those of you following along you'll
know there's nothing more exciting as
you can hear than to watch a de
developmental flight test that's
absolutely right flight test St
guarantee the maximum level of
excitement as you can hear behind us and
if it all goes well Starship will lift
off just about 30 minutes from now we're
hoping to surpass what we achieved in
flight test number two back in November
of last year but regardless of today's
outcome the goal is to collect as much
data as possible and that'll help us get
one step closer to a fully operational
Starship now Starship which you see on
your screen is the latest and largest
vehicle developed to date by SpaceX and
in the world ever compared to Saturn 5
the rocket that first took astronauts to
the Moon Starship has more than twice
the thrust and with some upgrades that
are planned for the future it'll have
three times the thrust Starship will
allow us to fly the heaviest payloads
ever flown land humans on the moon again
after more than a half century and
ultimately fly humans further into space
than ever before even to Mars but the
most important thing about Starship is
that it's designed to be a fully rapidly
reusable reliable rocket or what we like
to call the four RS and we'll talk more
about those later in the webcast but
before we dive into the details of
today's test let's recap the
achievements of our last integrated
flight test flight
two all 33 Raptor engines on the super
heavy booster started up successfully
and for the first time completed a full
duration burn during Ascent as you can
see here we saw amazing views of each
Raptor engine burning during that Ascent
which is something awesome because we
don't get to see that with Falcon and
its Merlin engines now next Starship
executed a successful hot stage
separation powering down all but three
of super heavy Raptor engines and
successfully igniting the six second
stage Raptor engines before the vehicle
separated this is the first time this
technique has been done successfully
with a vehicle of this size and scale
following separation the super heavy
booster successfully performed its flip
maneuver and initiated the Boost back
burn however about 30 seconds into that
burn it experienced a rapid unscheduled
disassembly or rud that SpaceX speak for
an exciting end to the booster's journey
the likely cause was determined to be
filter blockage where liquid oxygen is
supplied to the engines so we've
upgraded Hardware inside the oxygen tank
to improve filtration capabilities in
our boosters including the one that's
out on the pad today vehicle breakup
occurred more than three and a half
minutes into the FL into the flight
about 90 kilometers over the Gulf of
Mexico so well away from people now on
Starship the six second stage Raptor
engines all started successfully at
separation and everything was going
normally in the ship's climbed space
until about 7 minutes into the flight
when we began a planned vent of excess
liquid oxygen propellant to simulate the
mass of a payload and get future Focus
data the ship was loaded with extra
propellant that we needed to get rid of
or vent before re-entry once we started
venting though a leak developed that
caused fires which eventually cut the
connection between the flight computers
on the ship and that caused the six
Raptor engines to shut down before we
had finished the full burn that was
detected by as a mission violation by
the autonomous flight safety system
which triggered a the flight termination
system and led to vehicle breakup
starship's second flight test nearly
completed its full duration burn it
ended at an altitude of about 150
kilometers and a velocity of 24,000
kilometers per hour officially making it
the first Starship to reach outer space
like the booster we've made upgrades to
starship's Upper stage based on flight 2
learning such as improved leak reduction
fire protection and changing the
operations to increase reliability now
back at the launch site the new water
cooled flame deflector and other pad
upgrades performed as expected so the
pad required minimal post-launch rework
and that's a big reason why why we are
ready to fly again today the ground
support systems are designed for Rapid
turnaround of the Launchpad between
flights and the improvements we've made
ahead of flight three are getting us
closer to that goal and that brings us
to today's test the test profile and the
burn timeline are very similar to test
number two with one major difference the
ship will attempt to splash down in the
Indian Ocean rather than the Pacific
this puts us on a steeper trajectory
than past flights and lets us taste cap
test capabilities that we'll need for
the future like lighting a raptor in
space while maximizing Public Safety so
let's take a closer look at the flight
test profile now about 26 minutes from
now super heavy will ignite its 33
Raptor engines and lift off from
Starbase about 3 minutes into the flight
super Heavy's booster will separate from
the ship in spacex's second ever attempt
at a hot stage separation that means
it'll light its engines while still
attached to a partially lit booster the
ship's engines will then remain lit for
about 6 minutes during the ascent before
entering a coast phase next the booster
will perform a flip maneuver and execute
a boost back burn which if you recall is
where flight two super heavy experience
a rapid unscheduled disassembly we're
hoping Hardware upgrades made for this
flight will get the booster closer to
executing a landing burn in the Gulf of
Mexico in the meantime Starship will
Coast for about 30 minutes at altitudes
between 150 and 235 km and the ship will
attempt to fire a single Raptor engine
for our first ever relight of a Raptor
engine in space and from there the ship
will head toward its destination a
splash down location in the Indian Ocean
again if we get past a successful stage
separation and a full Ascent burn with
the upper stage it will be at an at
altitude and trajectory below orbital
meaning Starship won't have to fire its
Raptor engines for a deorbit burn and it
will naturally come back into the
atmosphere no matter what now meanwhile
the super heavy is going to attempt a
landing burn before splashing down into
the Gulf and while we are going to
practice a landing we aren't planning to
recover any of the hardware from super
heavy or the ship on this flight now
with the exception of Falcon this is no
different from what happens with most
Rockets flying today that are expended
or fall into the ocean after they
complete their mission eventually though
we will land and recover Starship
boosters and ships just as we do with
Falcon 9 and heavy boosters where we've
recovered 283 to date starship's rapid
reusability is key as we begin missions
to the moon and Beyond even though
recovery is not planned the Telemetry
and data we receive all the way to the
end is what we're looking for
particularly with regard to the ship's
temperatures during re-entry and how the
heat shield will perform the data that
we gather today of course will help us
continue to build a rapidly reusable
Starship for the future now much like
our first two flight tests today also
still just a test our goal is to gather
data to continue iterating and
ultimately uh improve Starship that's
exactly right the primary goal for
flight one was to clear the pad and we
did that and got a lot of great data
that helped us improve the vehicle and
the pad infrastructure that you see
today the primary goal of Flight 2 was
to get all the way to Stage separation
which we did and even got a little extra
for flight three we've added some
ambitious tests highlighted by an
attempt to transfer several tons of
propellent between the tanks inside
Starship itself as well as the first
ever relight of a Raptor engine in space
and the opening and closing of
starship's payload door when Starship
takes astronauts to the lunar surface as
part of NASA's emis program it will be
refilled in Space by a Starship tanker
spacecraft before boosting itself into a
lunar orbit
like you see here transferring a large
amount of cryogenic liquid in space has
never been done by anyone ever so uh
we'll be looking to get data on some of
the fundamental physics in play here
like managing pressures temperatures uh
propellant settling um all as we prepare
for eventual ship-to ship transfers the
ability to refill Starships once in
orbit will be critical for landing on
the moon and is a key technology for
enabling deep space exploration and
ultimately flights to Mars now we're
also attempting the first ever relight
of a Raptor engine in space and we'll
need that capability for future in space
Maneuvers and deorbit burns it's
important to note that what we'll
attempt today is not a burn required for
Starship to reenter on today's test we
are intentionally flying this new
steeper trajectory so we can test things
like engine relights without
substantially changing where we expect
to splash down and if Starship manages
to make it all the way to re-entry we
will collect that valuable data on the
vehicle as it flies through the Earth's
atmosphere at Hypersonic speeds or more
than five times the speed of sound we
expect it to look something like this
animation on your screen with the heat
shield tiles facing down we'll use the
Earth's atmosphere to break the vehicle
and help then get us into a controllable
regime as we go towards Splashdown and
we did validate starship's ability to
fly in land at subsonic speeds during
our suborbital flights several years ago
and Gathering data on the aspects like
Heating and vehicle control while we're
traveling way faster will become
critical to eventually bringing
Starships back from space for Rapid
reuse we'll also attempt to open and
close starship's payload door for the
very first time a capability that we'll
need when Starship starts flying our
next Generation starlink satellites and
there you can see an animation of what
that will look like as the satellites
are deployed one by one through a slot
near the top of the space C so at this
point in time we are approaching T-minus
21 minutes until liftoff let's check in
with Dan for a countdown
update hey thanks Kate hey everybody I'm
Dan hu good morning welcome to Starbase
I'm coming to you from the Raptor's Nest
where I'm here with some of our flight
controllers also our pad red team uh
we're just behind the mega Bay those are
super heavy boosters right behind me
getting ready for the next four flights
after this one uh so we're looking to
lach a lot this year uh countdown has
been pretty clean so far we're not
tracking any issues that are gating us
on the hardware side and the vehicle
side from that on time liftoff at 8:25
a.m. Central Time that's our t0 right
now we primarily shifted later as we
were just working to clear the range uh
the other big watch item today is going
to be the winds the winds uh have
started to pick up we're still looking
to be below our limits but there could
be a hold at tus 40 seconds just to make
sure that the winds are acceptable
before we go we are actively loading
propellant on board the vehicle you can
see by the frost line starting to build
up looks like we're about 80% on the
ship main tanks right now and a little
over 60% on the booster now Starship
uses liquid methane as its fuel liquid
oxygen as its oxidizer both of those get
cooled down to a cryogenic temperat so
several hundred degrees below zero and
if you followed along with our previous
two flight tests the propo timeline
today looks a little bit different those
first flight tests took us about 90
minutes to load all of the prop on board
but since the second flight we made some
pretty significant upgrades to make that
time shorter we added some additional
Fuel and locks pumps just to increase
our capacity we expanded the number of
heat exchangers and installed a
dedicated fill drain line for each stage
but they were sharing one before now
they each have their own that's just
that main Pathway to get the propell to
the vehicle we're aiming for about 51
minutes for today's operation to fully
load prop we did that successfully on
our first on our wet dress rehearsal
that we did recently eventually though
we're trying to get that time down to
about 40 minutes just for some contents
context that's about five minutes longer
than we take on Falcon 9 but we're doing
it with 10 times the amount of
propellant now the propellant load on
ship started at about T minus 53 minutes
booster right around t- 42 minutes uh we
are about to pause loading on the main
tanks of ship switch over to the header
tank s and then switch back to close out
the main tanks we're expecting all of
the prop to be on ship at about tus 3
minutes 30 seconds and then booster prop
load ends at T minus 2 minutes and 50
seconds now our final countdown and
startup sequence is going to be the same
as flight two we already tested this on
this booster when we did it static fire
looking back for flight one we lit those
Raptor engines on the booster and lifted
off about 6 seconds later flight two we
reduced that time by almost 2 seconds
that just helps reduce the stress on the
ground systems improve the efficiency of
the rocket but right now we're just
about to past 18 minutes away from
launch winds again they're still looking
a little bit marginal so we'll keep an
eye on those we're not working any other
technical issues and the range is
expected to be green if we can't make
our test today we have backup launch
opportunities in the coming days could
be 24 to 48 hours all just depends on
how far we get into the count so check
back in with every in just a little bit
for now though I'm going to send it back
to Kate and Shiva out at
Hawthorne thanks Dan the countdown is
continuing to progress so let's take a
closer look at the world's most powerful
launch vehicle ever developed Starship
is comprised of two elements the ship
which has six Raptor engines and the
super heavy booster which has 33 Raptor
engines Starship is capable of about
twice the thrust of the Saturn 5 rocket
and with future engine upgrades it will
actually be three times as three times
more powerful now with those future
improvements that'll allow Starship to
carry somewhere between 150 and 250
metric tons to orbit depending on the
configuration for reference Falcon 99's
heaviest payload to date is just over 17
metric tons so at Starship we're talking
about an order of magnitude greater in
terms of payload capability to orbit and
that matters because the amount of mass
we able to launch per rocket is critical
to creating a self-sustaining City on
Mart in terms of size the super heavy
booster alone stands about 71 M or 233
feet tall and is about the same height
as a fully integrated Falcon 9 the ship
stands about 50 m or 160 feet tall