Watch: SpaceX Blasts Off Starship Rocket on Third Test Flight | WSJ News

WSJ News
14 Mar 202408:06

Summary

TLDR这段视频记录了一次激动人心的太空飞行任务,描述了火箭发射、升空、分离和返回的全过程。在发射30秒后,33个猛禽引擎全部点燃,火箭顺利通过最大动态压力点并超音速飞行。接下来是热分离机动,关闭所有引擎,仅留下三个中心引擎,随后第二级点火并继续升空。第一级火箭执行返回燃烧,准备在墨西哥湾软着陆。整个任务的目标是展示控制上升、阶段分离和名义轨迹,同时测试船的再入和着陆。

Takeaways

  • 🚀 火箭发射过程中,33个猛禽发动机全部成功点燃。
  • 🛰️ 飞行30秒后,火箭已经通过最大动压点并超音速飞行。
  • 🔥 进行热分离操作,关闭除中心三台猛禽发动机外的所有发动机,随后二级火箭将点火。
  • 🌟 热分离后,助推器将执行翻转并执行返回燃烧,准备在墨西哥湾软着陆。
  • 🎯 火箭的第一阶段正在进行助推返回燃烧,预计持续约一分钟。
  • 🛠️ 火箭的第二阶段目标是完成热分离,目前一切正常。
  • 🚀 火箭的第二阶段正在持续燃烧,遵循计划的飞行路径。
  • 🌊 助推器返回地球时,将使用13个中心发动机进行控制着陆。
  • 📊 火箭发射测试的目标包括控制上升、阶段分离和保持名义轨迹。
  • 🕒 火箭第二阶段的上升燃烧预计将持续大约六分钟。

Q & A

  • 火箭发射后多久进入了音速?

    -火箭在发射后不久就通过了最大动压点,也就是进入了音速。

  • 火箭发射过程中,有多少个猛禽发动机被点燃?

    -在火箭发射过程中,共有33个猛禽发动机被点燃。

  • 什么是热分离机动?

    -热分离机动是火箭发射过程中的一个重要里程碑,指的是关闭除了中心三个猛禽发动机以外的所有发动机,并释放连接两个阶段的夹具,让星舰的第二级发动机点火。

  • 火箭发射后,第一级和第二级是如何分离的?

    -火箭发射后,第一级将在预定时间关闭所有但中心三个猛禽发动机,随后夹具释放,第二级星舰将点燃其发动机,完成分离。

  • 火箭发射后,第一级将如何返回地球?

    -火箭发射后,第一级将执行热分离机动,然后执行两次燃烧过程返回地球,第一次是助推返回燃烧,将助推器推向海岸,最终在墨西哥湾水域进行软着陆。

  • 火箭发射过程中,哪些发动机将用于控制第一级返回地球?

    -在火箭发射过程中,13个中心猛禽发动机将用于控制第一级返回地球,它们可以进行矢量操作,改变推力方向,以控制助推器返回地球。

  • 火箭发射后,第二级星舰的发动机燃烧将持续多久?

    -火箭发射后,第二级星舰的发动机燃烧预计将持续大约六分钟。

  • 火箭发射的主要测试目标是什么?

    -火箭发射的主要测试目标包括控制上升、阶段分离、名义轨迹,并在第二级上展示热分离机动。

  • 火箭发射过程中,如何确保星舰的轨道路径是正确的?

    -火箭发射过程中,通过地面跟踪和船上的导航系统来确保星舰的轨道路径是正确的。

  • 火箭发射后,第一级助推器的最终目的地是哪里?

    -火箭发射后,第一级助推器的最终目的地是墨西哥湾,计划在那里进行软着陆。

  • 火箭发射过程中,哪些发动机将在返回地球的最后一刻被点燃?

    -在返回地球的最后一刻,将首先点燃所有13个中心猛禽发动机,然后过渡到三个发动机燃烧,以帮助减速。

Outlines

00:00

🚀 发射与升空

描述了火箭发射的初期阶段,包括33个猛禽发动机的点火、通过最大动压点、超音速飞行、船载摄像头的视角以及即将进行的热分离操作。提到了火箭的轨迹和系统运行正常,以及对即将到来的热分离操作的倒计时。

05:02

🎯 阶段分离与返回

概述了第一阶段测试的目标,包括控制上升、阶段分离和预定轨迹。强调了星舰第二阶段的发动机持续燃烧,以及对即将到来的助推器返回和着陆燃烧的期待。描述了助推器的网格鳍片操作,以及对控制再入和软着陆的尝试。

Mindmap

Ignition and Liftoff
Max Q and Supersonic
Hot Staging Maneuver
Booster Return
Landing Burn
Launch Sequence and Milestones
First Stage Performance
Second Stage Performance
Test Objectives
Vehicle Performance and Objectives
Engine Configuration
Grid Fins
Ascent Burn
Live Views and Public Reaction
Technical Details and Observations
Space Launch Transcript Analysis
Alert

Keywords

💡rumble

在视频中,'rumble'指的是火箭发射时产生的震动感。这种震动是火箭发射过程中的正常现象,通常伴随着巨大的声响。例如,在视频的开头提到'we are feeling the rumble',意味着火箭发射时地面和周围环境都能感觉到这种震动。

💡raptor engines

视频中的'raptor engines'是指火箭使用的猛禽发动机。猛禽发动机是SpaceX公司开发的一种高性能火箭发动机,用于其星舰(Starship)和超重型(Super Heavy)火箭。在视频中提到'33 out of 33 raptor engines ignited',意味着所有33个猛禽发动机都成功点火,这是火箭发射成功的关键因素。

💡super heavy booster

在视频脚本中,'super heavy booster'指的是SpaceX公司正在开发的超重型火箭助推器。这是星舰(Starship)火箭系统的一部分,用于为飞船提供额外的推力,使其能够执行前往月球、火星等深空任务。超重型助推器配备了多个猛禽发动机,以产生巨大的推力。

💡trajectory

在视频中,'trajectory'指的是火箭飞行的路径或轨迹。这是一个重要的概念,因为它决定了火箭是否能够成功到达预定的轨道或目的地。在火箭发射过程中,地面控制团队会密切监控其轨迹,确保一切按照计划进行。例如,视频中提到'Our trajectory looking nominal',意味着火箭的飞行路径是正常的。

💡hot staging maneuver

视频中的'hot staging maneuver'是指在火箭发射过程中进行的一种关键操作,即在火箭的第一阶段和第二阶段之间进行的分离和第二阶段发动机点火的过程。这个操作确保了火箭的上半部分(星舰)能够继续其前往轨道的旅程。在视频中提到'the next major milestone is going to be a hot staging maneuver',强调了这一操作的重要性。

💡acquisition of Corpus Christi

在视频脚本中,'acquisition of Corpus Christi'指的是火箭发射过程中,地面跟踪站获取并锁定火箭信号的行为。Corpus Christi是位于德克萨斯州的一个城市,这里设有SpaceX的跟踪站。获取信号是确保火箭发射和飞行过程中通信畅通的关键步骤。

💡max Q

在视频中,'max Q'是指火箭在飞行过程中遇到的最大的动压,这是火箭在穿越大气层时所承受的最大空气阻力。当火箭达到最大Q值时,它的速度非常快,足以产生巨大的气动压力。视频中提到'we've already passed through max Q',意味着火箭已经成功地穿越了这一阶段。

💡supersonic

在视频脚本中,'supersonic'指的是超过音速的速度。当火箭或飞机达到或超过这个速度时,它们会产生音爆,并且速度非常快。在视频中提到'and passing supersonic',意味着火箭已经达到了超过音速的飞行速度。

💡grid fins

在视频中,'grid fins'是指火箭上的一组可操控的翼状结构,用于在大气层中调整火箭的飞行方向和姿态。这些网格状的鳍片有助于火箭在返回大气层时进行精确的引导和控制,确保火箭能够安全地降落在预定的地点。例如,视频中提到'You can see the grid fins rotating',显示了这些鳍片在火箭返回过程中的重要作用。

💡boost back burn

在视频脚本中,'boost back burn'是指火箭助推器在完成其推进任务后,执行的一种返回地球的操作。这种操作通过反向点火来减缓助推器的速度,使其能够从轨道返回并安全降落。在视频中提到'The first stage is currently performing the boost back burn',说明了火箭的第一级正在进行这种返回燃烧。

💡landing burn

在视频脚本中,'landing burn'是指火箭在准备着陆前进行的最后一系列燃烧操作。这是为了进一步减缓火箭的速度,确保它能够安全、准确地降落在预定的着陆点。视频中提到'The next one will be the landing burn',强调了这一步骤在火箭返回过程中的重要性。

Highlights

5,4,3,2,1... 点火起飞,我们感受到了轰鸣声。

33个猛禽发动机在超级重型助推器和飞船上成功点燃,飞船航电和遥测数据正常。

轨迹和系统看起来都很正常,所有33个发动机点亮的景象令人惊叹。

已经通过最大动压点,超音速飞行,船上摄像头捕捉到了这一切。

下一个重要里程碑是进行热分离机动,大约在90秒后。

超级重型上将关闭除三个中心猛禽发动机外的所有发动机,然后释放星舰。

星舰将点燃其发动机,首先是Arvas发动机,然后是海平面发动机。

星舰的六台发动机推动其脱离助推器,助推器开始翻转并执行返回燃烧。

星舰正在前往太空,而助推器正在返回墨西哥湾。

第一级正在进行助推返回燃烧,预计将持续约一分钟。

从此刻起,我们只使用超级重型助推器的13个中心发动机。

这些中心发动机可以摇摆,以改变推力方向,引导第一级返回地球。

星舰的第二级仍在燃烧其发动机,遵循计划的飞行路径。

星舰的第二级发动机燃烧将持续约六分钟,预计在飞行超过八分钟后结束。

到目前为止,这次飞行已经超过了第二次飞行的距离,团队的表现值得祝贺。

星舰的发动机性能出色,飞船的上升燃烧看起来很正常。

Transcripts

00:00

5,4,3,2,1.

00:43

30 seconds into flight,

00:45

we are feeling the rumble.

00:47

We are seeing 33 out of 33 raptor engines ignited on the super

00:51

heavy booster booster and ship avionics power and telemetry nominal

00:56

acquisition of Corpus Christi continuing to get

01:01

good call outs.

01:02

Our trajectory looking nominal systems looking nominal,

01:05

just amazing to see all 33 lit up.

01:07

Once again

01:13

at this point,

01:14

we've already passed through max Q that maximum dynamic pressure

01:20

and passing supersonic.

01:21

So we're now moving faster than the speed of sound,

01:25

getting those on board views from the ship cameras.

01:33

Now the the next major milestone is going to be a hot staging maneuver

01:38

again.

01:38

We're going to be doing that in just about 90 seconds to do that.

01:42

We're going to shut down all but the three center raptor engines on super heavy

01:48

that will be our most engines cut off and then the clamps holding the two

01:53

stages together are going to release starship.

01:55

Second stage will ignite its engines.

01:58

The arvas first,

01:59

the sea levels right after that,

02:01

the sea level engines will be displayed or just kind of pointed out at about a 15 degree

02:06

angle.

02:06

So if you look close and we get good tracking,

02:08

you might be able to see those center right after.

02:14

And so those six engines will push starship off of the booster.

02:26

All right.

02:26

Counting down.

02:27

Now we're gonna be coming up right at around the three minute mark on that hot staging maneuver.

02:33

Again,

02:33

we'll see the booster engines start to shut down.

02:36

You'll see all but three lights go out in the middle and then we'll see the engines

02:41

ignite on ship,

02:42

pushing it away and that will start carrying the ship into space.

02:47

Booster will start to do its flip and then move into the boot back burn,

02:50

setting it up,

02:51

eventually splash down in the Gulf of Mexico

03:01

that set it

03:08

pot staging confirmed is now making

03:13

its way back,

03:14

seeing six engines ignited on ship

03:19

Kate, we got a starship on its way to space and a booster on the way back to the Gulf.

03:23

Oh man,

03:24

I need a moment to pick my jaw up from the floor because these views

03:29

are just stunning.

03:31

These are live views from starship.

03:33

First stage is currently performing no good there

03:38

news informing us that the second stage of the ship,

03:40

everything looking good.

03:41

Nominal there.

03:42

First stage is currently performing the boost back burn expecting that to last about one minute.

03:47

That boot back burn.

03:49

That boot back burn propels the booster back towards the coast,

03:52

taking it to a landing in the waters of the Gulf of Mexico.

03:56

Uh We're only using the super heavy boosters,

03:59

13 center engines from here on out.

04:02

Uh, as whenever they relight,

04:03

you'll be able to see that in the left bottom corner.

04:08

Uh Those are the ones that can gimbal.

04:09

In other words,

04:10

they move and change direction in order to change the thrust to

04:15

steer the first stage back to earth.

04:23

Wow,

04:24

these are just incredible views coming to us.

04:30

Everything is looking good for both the first stage on the left hand side of your screen

04:34

or the super heavy booster as well as on the right hand side of your screen.

04:39

That is starship or we also refer to that as the ship.

04:46

Now, the boot back burn was the first of two burns required to return it to earth.

04:51

The next one will be the landing burn where all 13 center engines will initially

04:56

ignite and then transition into a three engine burn to help

05:01

slow it down.

05:03

Just as a reminder of the stage one test objectives.

05:07

We're looking for a controlled ascent which we have so far

05:11

stage separation which gorgeous we cruised right through it as

05:16

well as a nominal trajectory.

05:19

Good news there telling us that the path that starship is on is good.

05:23

Now starships second stage is still firing its engines and as you heard

05:28

following planned flight paths,

05:30

the ship objectives,

05:31

we're looking for hot staging again,

05:32

cruised right through that,

05:33

we're looking to demonstrate controlled ascent as well as

05:39

now the bottom right hand corner of the screen shows the ship uh engine

05:43

graphics.

05:44

So be sure to keep an eye on those.

05:47

Yeah,

05:47

Kate,

05:48

like this is just a phenomenal test so far.

05:51

Super heavy is performing beautifully today.

05:53

It's on its return leg of the journey ship

05:58

continuing to burn its six engines.

06:00

Those larger circles,

06:01

the raptor vacuum engines,

06:03

the inner circles the Raptor Sea level engines,

06:07

we a about 30 seconds

06:11

away uh just about 30 seconds away

06:16

from the start of the beast back burn.

06:20

Uh Excuse me,

06:20

the landing burn on the booster.

06:23

You can see the grid fins rotating those pepper.

06:26

So grid fins are guiding us through the atmosphere back towards our

06:31

splashdown site.

06:32

Again,

06:32

we're going for a hard uh for a splash down,

06:35

a soft splash down.

06:39

So for landing burn,

06:40

we're gonna expect to see the 13 center engines light rapidly bring

06:45

down the boosters velocity and then just the three in

06:50

the center,

06:51

right flash down.

06:55

Let's see if that'll work.

07:01

We're getting a few,

07:03

a few engines

07:09

and acquisition of signal.

07:11

Let's see if we can get some other video of that.

07:14

Now,

07:14

uh this is a test objective today,

07:17

it is still something that we're attempting to learn.

07:20

Um And to make it that far to demonstrate the controlled reentry up to that

07:24

point is pretty darn good ship.

07:27

Continuing to look nominal with its ascent burn.

07:32

This burn lasting,

07:33

uh about six minutes total.

07:39

And we're expecting that this burn will end,

07:43

uh, just after T plus eight minutes,

07:46

about a minute from now.

07:48

So far though,

07:48

I mean,

07:49

congrats to the team making it this far is farther that we,

07:53

that we've gone on flight two.

07:55

Just wonderful views and great engine performance from the vehicles.